Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/liggjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ligjaną.

Verb

*liggjan

1. to lie, rest

Inflection

Strong class 5 j-present
Infinitive	*liggjan
1st sg. past	*lag
3rd pl. past	*lāgun
Past ptcple	*legan
Infinitive	*liggjan
Genitive infin.	*liggjannjas
Dative infin.	*liggjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*liggjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*liggju	*lag
2nd singular	*ligiʀi	*lāgī
3rd singular	*ligidi	*lag
1st plural	*liggjum	*lāgum
2nd plural	*ligid	*lāgud
3rd plural	*liggjand	*lāgun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*liggjē	*lāgī
2nd singular	*liggjēs	*lāgī
3rd singular	*liggjē	*lāgī
1st plural	*liggjēm	*lāgīm
2nd plural	*liggjēþ	*lāgīd
3rd plural	*liggjēn	*lāgīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*ligi
Plural	*ligid
	Present	Past
Participle	*liggjandī	*legan

Derived terms

• *fraliggjan

Descendants

• Old English: liċġan
  • Middle English: lien
    • English: lie, lig
    • Scots: lie
    • Yola: lee, lidge
• Old Frisian: lidzia
  • West Frisian: lizze (merger with ledza)
• Old Saxon: liggian
  • Dutch Low Saxon: liggen
  • German Low German: liggen
• Old Dutch: liggen
  • Middle Dutch: liggen
    • Dutch: liggen
      • Afrikaans: lê (merger with leggen)
      • Jersey Dutch: lixxe
      • Negerhollands: lee, lei, lej
      • → Papiamentu: lèg
    • Limburgish: ligke
• Old High German: ligan, liggan
  • Middle High German: ligen, licken
    • Alemannic German: ligge
    • Central Franconian: lijje
    • German: liegen
    • Luxembourgish: leien
    • Yiddish: ליגן (lign)