Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/biti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bī́ˀtei.

Verb

*bìti impf^[1]^[2]

to beat

Inflection

Conjugation of *biti, *bi(tъ), *bьjetь (impf., -V-, t-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*bitьje	*biti	*bitъ	*bilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*bitъ	*bьjemъ
Active	*bivъ	*bьję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bixъ	*bi(tъ)	*bi(tъ)	*bьjǫ	*bьješi	*bьjetь
Dual	*bixově	*bista	*biste	*bьjevě	*bьjeta	*bьjete
Plural	*bixomъ	*biste	*bišę	*bьjemъ	*bьjete	*bьjǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bьjaaxъ	*bьjaaše	*bьjaaše	—	*bьji	*bьji
Dual	*bьjaaxově	*bьjaašeta	*bьjaašete	*bьjivě	*bьjita	—
Plural	*bьjaaxomъ	*bьjaašete	*bьjaaxǫ	*bьjimъ	*bьjite	—

Derived terms

*bivati
*ubiti
*bičь (“whip, lash”)
- *običь
*bidlo
*bijakъ
*bijьca / *bijьcь
*biteljь
*bitva (“battle, fight”)
*bitъ
*bitati (“to manage, to handle a device”)
*bitъka
*bitьcь
*bitьje
*bitьnъ
*Bivojь
*bivьcь / *bivьca

*nabiti
*obiti
- *obijati
  - *obijačь
  - *obijakъ
- *obitъkъ, *obitъka
- *obitьje
- *obivati
- *obojь
  - *obojьkъ, *obojьka

*orzbiti

Related terms

*bojь (“battle, fight”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бити (biti)
  - Old Ruthenian: бити (biti)
    - Belarusian: біць (bicʹ)
    - Ukrainian: би́ти (býty)
  - Russian: бить (bitʹ)
- Old Novgorodian: бити (biti)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: бити (biti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⰱⰻⱅⰻ (biti)
- Bulgarian: би́я (bíja)
- Macedonian: бие (bie)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: би̏ти
  
  Latin script: bȉti
- Slovene: bíti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: bic
- Old Czech: bíti
  - Czech: bít
- Polabian: bai̯t
- Old Polish: bić
  - Polish: bić
- Slovak: biť
- Slovincian: bjic
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: bić
  - Lower Sorbian: biś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41: “v. (a) ‘beat’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bijǫ -ti”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 212f., 246; MP 23, 27); b (PR 136)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41: “v. (a) ‘beat’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “bijǫ -ti”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 212f., 246; MP 23, 27); b (PR 136)”

[1]

[2]