-da

See also: Appendix:Variations of "da"

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		-да
Abjad		ـدا

Suffix

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü
-da	-də

-da

1. Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.

   maşın → maşında

   [the] car → in [the] car

   Peru → Peruda

   Peru → in Peru

Usage notes

This suffix is to be preceded by an additional n when the noun it is appended to already ends with another suffix's vowel.

dostumun maşını → dostumun maşınında

my friend's car → in my friend's car

Derived terms

See -də.

Basque

Suffix

-da

1. Alternative form of -ta

Finnish

Etymology

Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.

Suffix

-da (front vowel harmony variant -dä, linguistic notation -dA)

1. A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.

Usage notes

When this suffix is omitted, what remains is the stem of the verb. With the verbs nähdä and tehdä, the consonant stem is left. The first consonant of the following word or enclitic is lengthened.

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɒ]

Suffix

-da

1. (noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun indicating the place of the action.

   ‎zár (“to close, shut”) + ‎-da → ‎zárda (“cloister”)

Usage notes

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -da is added to back-vowel words

  -de is added to front-vowel words

  -oda same as -da with a linking vowel

  -öde same as -de with a linking vowel

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-da	-dák
accusative	-dát	-dákat
dative	-dának	-dáknak
instrumental	-dával	-dákkal
causal-final	-dáért	-dákért
translative	-dává	-dákká
terminative	-dáig	-dákig
essive-formal	-daként	-dákként
essive-modal	-dául	-dákul
inessive	-dában	-dákban
superessive	-dán	-dákon
adessive	-dánál	-dáknál
illative	-dába	-dákba
sublative	-dára	-dákra
allative	-dához	-dákhoz
elative	-dából	-dákból
delative	-dáról	-dákról
ablative	-dától	-dáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	-dáé	-dáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	-dáéi	-dákéi

Possessive forms of -da
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	-dám	-dáim
2nd person sing.	-dád	-dáid
3rd person sing.	-dája	-dái
1st person plural	-dánk	-dáink
2nd person plural	-dátok	-dáitok
3rd person plural	-dájuk	-dáik

Derived terms

Hungarian nouns suffixed with -da

See also

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Ilocano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ida, from Proto-Austronesian *ida.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /da/

Pronoun

-da

1. Third-person plural absolutive enclitic pronoun; they; them

   Sumakdoda idiay poso. ― They fetched water from the water pump.

2. Third-person plural ergative enclitic pronoun; they

   Inusarda ti lapisko. ― They used my pencil.

3. Third-person plural possessive marker; their

   Napardas ti kotseda. ― Their car is fast.

Usage notes

• When the ergative agent is also a pronoun, the absolutive patient becomes ida. See also usage notes at isuda.

  Inayabanda ni Thomas. ― Thomas called them.

  Inayabanna ida. ― He called them.

See also

Ilocano personal pronouns

Person	Number	Absolutive		Ergative	Oblique	Possessive
		Disjunctive	Enclitic	Enclitic3		bági form	kukua form
First	singular	siak	-ak	-ko, -k	kaniak	bagik	kukuak, kuak
	dual	data, sita1	-ta		kaniata, kadata	bagita	kukuata
	plural inclusive	datayo, sitayo1	-tayo, -tay		kaniatayo, kadatayo	bagitayo	kukuatayo
	plural exclusive	dakami, sikami1	-kami, -kam	-mi	kaniami, kadakami	bagimi	kukuami
Second	singular	sika	-ka	-mo, -m	kaniam, kenka	bagim	kukuam
	plural	dakayo, sikayo1	-kayo, -kay	-yo	kaniayo, kadakayo	bagiyo	kukuayo
Third	singular	isu, isuna	Ø2	-na	kaniana, kenkuana	bagina	kukuana
	plural	isuda	-da		kaniada, kadakuada	bagida	kukuada
1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme. There is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers.
Fused enclitics Actor Patient siak data datayo dakami sika dakayo isu5 isuda siak bagik4 — — — -ka -kayo -ko, -k -ko ida, -k ida data — bagita4 — — — — -ta -ta ida datayo — — bagitayo4 — — — -tayo -tayo ida dakami — — — bagimi4 -daka -dakayo -mi -mi ida sika -nak — — -nakami bagim4 — -mo, -m -mo ida, -m ida dakayo -dak -data — -dakami — bagiyo4 -yo -yo ida isu -nak -nata -natayo -nakami -naka -nakayo bagina4, -na -na ida isuda -dak -data -datayo -dakami -daka -dakayo -da bagida4, -da ida 4Reflexive pronouns use the bagí form. 5 isu or isuna may also be added after the enclitics in this column.

Irish

Suffix

-da

1. Alternative form of -ga

Kambera

Pronoun

-da

1. third person plural genitive enclitic

See also

Kambera pronominal clitics

	Nominative	Genitive	Accusative	Dative
1sg	ku-	-nggu	-ka	-ngga
2sg	mu- (u-)	-mu	-kau	-nggau
3sg	na-	-na	-ya	-nya
1pl.incl	ta-	-nda	-ta	-nda
1pl.excl	ma-	-ma	-kama	-nggama
2pl	mi- (i-)	-mi	-kami (-kai)	-nggami (-nggai)
3pl	da-	-da	-ha	-nja

Khalaj

Suffix

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü
-da	-də

-da

1. Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.

Laboya

Pronoun

-da

1. first person plural inclusive subject enclitic
2. first person plural inclusive possessive enclitic

See also

Laboya pronominal clitics

	Subject	Subject/Possessive	Object
Person
1sg	gu-	-gu	-ga
2sg	mu-	-mu	-gu
3sg	na-	-na	-ni
1pl.incl	da-	-da	-da
1pl.excl	ma-	-ma	-gama
2pl	mi-	-mi	-gimi
3pl	ɗa-	-ɗa	-di

Mokilese

Suffix

-da

1. Used to form verbs with a perfective sense

   ‎loakjidi (“to fish”) + ‎-da → ‎loakjidihda (“to catch (a fish)”)

   ‎rapahki (“to look for”) + ‎-da → ‎rapahkihda (“to find”)

2. Used to form verbs with a sense of creating or making

   ‎ir (“string”) + ‎-da → ‎irda (“to string a lei”)

3. Used to form verbs with a sense of randomness or scatteredness

   ‎poadok (“to plant”) + ‎-da → ‎poadokda (“to plant randomly”)

   ‎pihni (“to paint”) + ‎-da → ‎pihnihda (“to daub on paint”)

4. Used to form verbs describing an upward motion

   ‎jarek (“to come out of something”) + ‎-da → ‎jarekda (“to pull up”)

Usage notes

• When applied to words with a final vowel, this suffix causes the vowel to be lengthened.
• Mokilese has several perfective suffixes, including -da and -la. Some verbs take one specific perfective suffix, while others may take multiple suffixes, forming multiple different meanings.

Derived terms

Mokilese terms suffixed with -da

References

• Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese Reference Grammar, University of Hawaii Press 1977

Murui Huitoto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-da]

Classifier

-da

1. Classifier for long and straight objects.
2. Classifier for objects that resemble a valley.

Derived terms

Murui Huitoto terms suffixed with -da

References

• Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎^[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 194

Old Irish

Suffix

-da

1. variant form of -de

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьda.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /da/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-da f

1. (obsolete) forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb

   ‎prawy + ‎-da → ‎prawda

   ‎krzywy + ‎-da → ‎krzywda

Declension

Declension of -da

	singular	plural
nominative	-da	-dy
genitive	-dy	-d
dative	-dzie	-dom
accusative	-dę	-dy
instrumental	-dą	-dami
locative	-dzie	-dach
vocative	-do	-dy

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -da

See also

• -ba

Further reading

• -da in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic

Suffix

-da

1. Alternative form of -te

   Mo leannan de mòran bhliadhnaichean, 's pòsda sinn mu dheireadh thall! ― My sweetheart of many years, we are married at long last!

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ده (-da, “locative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *-te (“locative suffix”). Cognate with Karakhanid دا (-dā, “locative suffix”), Old Turkic 𐱃𐰀 (t¹a /⁠-ta⁠/, “locative suffix”).

Suffix

-da

1. Used to form locative of nouns.

   ‎okul + ‎-da → ‎okulda

Usage notes

• -da is used when the noun's last vowel is a back vowel.
• It could be -de, when the noun's last vowel is a front vowel.

  ‎köy + ‎-da → ‎köyde

• It could be -ta, when the noun's final consonant is unvoiced.

  ‎mutfak + ‎-da → ‎mutfakta

• It could be -te, after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant.

  ‎yengeç + ‎-da → ‎yengeçte

• It becomes -nda ~ -nde following another suffix that ends in a vowel.

  ‎kapağı + ‎-da → ‎kapağında

  ‎çemberi + ‎-da → ‎çemberinde

• It must be used with an apostrophe following a proper noun.

  ‎İspanya + ‎-da → ‎İspanya'da

Related terms

• -daki
• -nda
• -de
• -ta
• -te

Uneapa

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *-da, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, from Proto-Austronesian *-ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ⁿda/

Suffix

-da

1. A first-person plural inclusive possessive suffix.

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)