晉

See also: 晋

晉 U+6649, 晉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6649 ← 晈 [U+6648] CJK Unified Ideographs 晊 → [U+664A]

晉 U+2F8CD, 晉 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8CD ← 書 [U+2F8CC] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㬙 → [U+2F8CE]

Translingual

Japanese	晋
Simplified	晋
Traditional	晉

Han character

晉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一戈戈日 (MIIA), four-corner 1060₁, composition ⿱⿳一厸一日)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 494, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13898
• Dae Jaweon: page 860, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1507, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6649

• Unihan data for U+2F8CD

Chinese

trad.		晉
simp.		晋
alternative forms		㬜 𣈆 𫞄 𣋤 𣌇 㬜 𣈆 𫞄 𣋤 𣌇 𣋧 㬐 𡥨 𦗎

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 晉
Shang	Western Zhou	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (晉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鄑	*ʔsel
戩	*ʔsenʔ
榗	*ʔsens
晉	*ʔsins
縉	*ʔsins
搢	*ʔsins
瑨	*ʔsins

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臸 (“to arrive”) + 日 (“sun”)

Etymology

The I Ching relates it to 進／进 (jìn)[1], whose etymology is unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jìn (jin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dun¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): jin⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chin

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jin³

• Jin (Wiktionary): jing³
• Northern Min (KCR): ce̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): céng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chìn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zing³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵cin
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zin⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴
    • Yale: jìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jin⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon³
    • Yale: jeun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tun³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chin
    • Hakka Romanization System: jin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jin⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: jin³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sin³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jing³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ce̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seiŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: céng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìn
    • Tâi-lô: tsìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cixn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zing³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵cin
    • MiniDict: cin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡sin⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕin⁴⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 晉
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕin⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡siə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sin³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕĩŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕin¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕin³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕin¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕin²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡sin⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sin⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡saŋ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡siʌ̃³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡sin⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕin⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sin³¹/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sin³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søn³³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐn³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søn³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sin²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɛiŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡seiŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡siŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sin³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsinH

Rime
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即刃切
Baxter	tsinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sinH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjenH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sinH/
Li Rong	/t͡siĕnH/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsi[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsins/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsinH ›
Old Chinese	/*tsi[n]-s/
English	Jìn (place name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
No.	6770
Phonetic component	晉
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	晉
Old Chinese	/*ʔsins/

Definitions

晉

1. to advance; to increase
2. to promote
3. (～國) Chinese feudal state of Jin (11th century BCE–376 BCE), a state of the Zhou Dynasty in northern China

   • 晉侯、秦伯圍鄭，以其無禮於晉，且貳於楚也。晉軍函陵，秦軍氾南。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     晋侯、秦伯围郑，以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也。晋军函陵，秦军氾南。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jìn hóu, Qín bó wéi Zhèng, yǐ qí wúlǐ yú Jìn, qiě èr yú Chǔ yě. Jìn jūn Hánlíng, Qín jūn Fánnán. [Pinyin]

     The Marquis of Jin and the Earl of Qin laid siege to [the capital of] Zheng, under the pretext of the [Earl of] Zheng's disrespectful treatments towards [Marquis of] Jin and double-mindedness towards Chu. Jin armies were stationed at Hanling; Qin armies at Fannan.

4. (～朝) Chinese Jin dynasty (266–420)
5. 35th hexagram of the I Ching (䷢)
6. Alternative name for 山西 (Shānxī, “Shanxi”).
7. (～語) Jin (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Shanxi)
8. a surname

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢／蜀汉
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Compounds

• 三晉／三晋 (Sānjìn)
• 中晉／中晋
• 二晉／二晋
• 井晉／井晋
• 以諧秦晉／以谐秦晋
• 兩晉／两晋 (Liǎng-Jìn)
• 六卿分晉／六卿分晋
• 六晉／六晋
• 加官晉爵／加官晋爵
• 古晉／古晋 (Gǔjìn)
• 唐臨晉帖／唐临晋帖
• 子晉／子晋
• 孟晉／孟晋
• 後晉／后晋 (Hòujìn)
• 得成秦晉／得成秦晋
• 晉乘楚杌／晋乘楚杌
• 晉京／晋京
• 晉劇／晋剧 (jìnjù)
• 晉升 (jìnshēng)
• 晉南／晋南 (Jìnnán)
• 晉封／晋封
• 晉帖／晋帖
• 晉年／晋年
• 晉惠聞蛙／晋惠闻蛙
• 晉授／晋授
• 晉接／晋接
• 晉昌／晋昌 (Jìnchāng)
• 晉明／晋明
• 晉晉然／晋晋然
• 晉書／晋书
• 晉朝／晋朝 (Jìncháo)
• 晉棘／晋棘
• 晉江／晋江 (Jìnjiāng)
• 晉用／晋用
• 晉用楚材／晋用楚材
• 晉盛／晋盛
• 晉祠／晋祠
• 晉秩／晋秩
• 晉級／晋级 (jìnjí)
• 晉紳／晋绅
• 晉職／晋职 (jìnzhí)
• 晉號／晋号
• 晉見／晋见 (jìnjiàn)
• 晉語／晋语 (Jìnyǔ)
• 晉謁／晋谒
• 晉豎／晋竖
• 晉賢風／晋贤风
• 晉邦／晋邦
• 晉鐸／晋铎 (jìnduó)
• 晉鑄刑鼎／晋铸刑鼎
• 晉階／晋阶
• 晉陽之甲／晋阳之甲
• 晉陽秋／晋阳秋
• 晉陽關／晋阳关
• 晉食／晋食
• 晉鼎／晋鼎
• 晉鼓／晋鼓 (jìngǔ)
• 有晉／有晋
• 朝梁暮晉
• 東晉／东晋 (Dōngjìn)
• 楚才晉用／楚才晋用
• 楚材晉用／楚材晋用
• 樓蘭晉簡／楼兰晋简
• 汾晉／汾晋
• 王子晉／王子晋
• 皮裡晉書／皮里晋书
• 皮裏晉書／皮里晋书
• 石晉／石晋 (Shíjìn)
• 福晉／福晋 (fújìn)
• 秦晉／秦晋 (qínjìn)
• 秦晉之好／秦晋之好
• 秦晉之盟／秦晋之盟
• 秦晉之緣／秦晋之缘
• 秦歡晉愛／秦欢晋爱
• 西晉／西晋 (Xījìn)
• 追晉／追晋
• 鼖晉／鼖晋

 

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01795

Japanese

Kanji

晉

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to proceed
2. Jin dynasty

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin)
• Kan-on: しん (shin)
• Kun: すすむ (susumu, 晉む)、すすむしん (susumushin, 晉)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、くに (kuni)、ゆき (yuki)

Usage notes

Alternative form of 晋 (Jinmeiyō kanji used for names).

Korean

Hanja

晉 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin))

1. hanja form^? of 진 (“advance, increase”)

Vietnamese

Han character

晉: Hán Nôm readings: tấn, tắn, tớn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.