كأس

See also: کاش, گاش, and کاس

Arabic

Root
ك ء س (k ʔ s)
1 term

Etymology

Has been envisioned as from Proto-Semitic *kaʔs-. The Arabic form could be a hypercorrection after a borrowing from the Aramaic forms listed under it however, since inheritance of Akkadian 𒃲 (kāsum) from such a proto-form is irregular as one expects vocalism like in Akkadian 𒊕 (rēšum) from Proto-Semitic *raʔš-, so also considering the absence in Ethiopian Semitic one may conclude a post-Proto-Semitic external borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaʔs/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

كَأْس • (kaʔs) f (plural كُؤُوس (kuʔūs) or أَكْؤُس (ʔakʔus) or كِئَاس (kiʔās))

1. a glass, especially a wine glass or arak glass
2. a cup, goblet, tumbler
3. a cup trophy

   كَأْس العَالَمِ ― kaʔs al-ʕālami ― world cup

Declension

Declension of noun كَأْس (kaʔs)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَأْس kaʔs	الْكَأْس al-kaʔs	كَأْس kaʔs
Nominative	كَأْسٌ kaʔsun	الْكَأْسُ al-kaʔsu	كَأْسُ kaʔsu
Accusative	كَأْسًا kaʔsan	الْكَأْسَ al-kaʔsa	كَأْسَ kaʔsa
Genitive	كَأْسٍ kaʔsin	الْكَأْسِ al-kaʔsi	كَأْسِ kaʔsi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَأْسَيْن kaʔsayn	الْكَأْسَيْن al-kaʔsayn	كَأْسَيْ kaʔsay
Nominative	كَأْسَانِ kaʔsāni	الْكَأْسَانِ al-kaʔsāni	كَأْسَا kaʔsā
Accusative	كَأْسَيْنِ kaʔsayni	الْكَأْسَيْنِ al-kaʔsayni	كَأْسَيْ kaʔsay
Genitive	كَأْسَيْنِ kaʔsayni	الْكَأْسَيْنِ al-kaʔsayni	كَأْسَيْ kaʔsay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُؤُوس‎; أَكْؤُس‎; كِئَاس kuʔūs‎; ʔakʔus‎; kiʔās	الْكُؤُوس‎; الْأَكْؤُس‎; الْكِئَاس al-kuʔūs‎; al-ʔakʔus‎; al-kiʔās	كُؤُوس‎; أَكْؤُس‎; كِئَاس kuʔūs‎; ʔakʔus‎; kiʔās
Nominative	كُؤُوسٌ‎; أَكْؤُسٌ‎; كِئَاسٌ kuʔūsun‎; ʔakʔusun‎; kiʔāsun	الْكُؤُوسُ‎; الْأَكْؤُسُ‎; الْكِئَاسُ al-kuʔūsu‎; al-ʔakʔusu‎; al-kiʔāsu	كُؤُوسُ‎; أَكْؤُسُ‎; كِئَاسُ kuʔūsu‎; ʔakʔusu‎; kiʔāsu
Accusative	كُؤُوسًا‎; أَكْؤُسًا‎; كِئَاسًا kuʔūsan‎; ʔakʔusan‎; kiʔāsan	الْكُؤُوسَ‎; الْأَكْؤُسَ‎; الْكِئَاسَ al-kuʔūsa‎; al-ʔakʔusa‎; al-kiʔāsa	كُؤُوسَ‎; أَكْؤُسَ‎; كِئَاسَ kuʔūsa‎; ʔakʔusa‎; kiʔāsa
Genitive	كُؤُوسٍ‎; أَكْؤُسٍ‎; كِئَاسٍ kuʔūsin‎; ʔakʔusin‎; kiʔāsin	الْكُؤُوسِ‎; الْأَكْؤُسِ‎; الْكِئَاسِ al-kuʔūsi‎; al-ʔakʔusi‎; al-kiʔāsi	كُؤُوسِ‎; أَكْؤُسِ‎; كِئَاسِ kuʔūsi‎; ʔakʔusi‎; kiʔāsi

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: كاس (kās)
• Maltese: kies
• Moroccan Arabic: كاس (kās)
• → Hijazi Arabic: كأس (kaʔs) (learned)

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 171
• van Putten, Marijn (2022) Quranic Arabic. From its Hijazi Origins to its Classical Reading Traditions (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 106)‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, 6.4.11 Kās → kaʔs, page 167
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “كأس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen, pages 868–869

Hijazi Arabic

كَأْس

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic كَأْس (kaʔs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaʔs/

Noun

كأس • (kaʔs) m (plural كُؤُوس (kuʾūs))

1. cup (trophy)

   Synonym: كاس (kās)

See also

• كاسة (kāsa, “glass”) (drinking vessel)