Vitold Pavlovych Fokin (Ukrainian: Віто́льд Па́влович Фо́кін; born 25 October 1932) is a Ukrainian retired politician who served as the first prime minister of Ukraine from the country's declaration of independence on 24 August 1991 until 1 October 1992. Previously, he served as the prime minister of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 23 October 1990 to 24 August 1991.
Vitold Fokin | |
|---|---|
Вітольд Фокін | |
 Fokin in 2007 | |
| 1st[a] Prime Minister of Ukraine | |
| In office 23 October 1990 – 1 October 1992 (Acting until 14 November 1990) | |
| President | Leonid Kravchuk |
| Preceded by | Vitaliy Masol (Soviet) |
| Succeeded by | Valentyn Symonenko (acting) |
| Chairman of DerzhPlan | |
| In office July 1987 – 1990 | |
| Prime Minister | Vitaliy Masol |
| Preceded by | Vitaliy Masol |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 October 1932 Novomykolaivka, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Ukraine) |
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political affiliations | KPU (until 1991) |
| Spouse | Tomila Hryhoriivna (died 9 October 2023)[1] |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | National Mining University of Ukraine |
| Signature |  |
After Vitaliy Masol was forced to resign, Fokin was appointed as the head of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on 17 October 1990.[2]
Early life
editFokin graduated from the National Mining University of Ukraine in Dnipropetrovsk.
Prime Minister of Ukraine
editOn 18 April 1991, Vitold Fokin was appointed Prime Minister of Ukraine.[3]
On 12 September 1991, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) adopted its resolution on "Succession of Ukraine"[4] where Ukraine was declared a direct successor of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. On 22 August 1992, at a plenary session of the Verkhovna Rada, President Leonid Kravchuk accepted a succession diploma from the exiled government of the Ukrainian People's Republic.[5]
Fokin was one of the drafters and signers of the Belavezha Accords that effectively ended the Soviet Union and founded the Commonwealth of Independent States. As of 2024, he is the last signatory still alive.
During his time as prime minister, he avoided radical pro-market reforms, although critics have argued that Fokin's inaction on the matter and excessive subsidies to various unproductive enterprises contributed to hyperinflation (at 1,210% in 1992) and in general to the poor performance of the Ukrainian economy. He resigned on 8 October 1992, under pressure from the Verkhovna Rada and the general public.[6] Until May 1994, he was vice speaker of the Verkhovna Rada. He currently serves as chairman of the supervisory board of AOZT Devon.
After retirement
editIn 2020, the pro-Russian 112 Ukraine TV channel published information about a 2017 interview Fokin gave to Ukrainian journalist Dmitry Gordon, where Fokin attempted to justify the Russian annexation of Crimea following his appointment to the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, a contact group of representatives from Ukraine, Russia, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe which sought to facilitate a diplomatic resolution of the war in Donbas.[7] On 30 September 2020, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy signed a decree dismissing Fokin from the Trilateral Contact Group because he had not been guided in his "activities and statements by the national interests of Ukraine."[7] Fokin was dismissed a few days after he had claimed that there was "no war between Russia and Ukraine in Donbas".[7]
On 27 March 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, a Russian missile hit Fokin's house; Fokin himself was not injured because he was in Moldova at the time.[8]
References
edit- ^ "Співачка Маша Фокіна повідомила про смерть бабусі - Новини України". 9 October 2023.
- ^ Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States 1999, Routledge, 1998, ISBN 1857430581 (page 850)
- ^ Resolution of Verkhovna Rada "About appointment of Prime Minister of the Ukrainian SSR". Verkhovna Rada website. 18 April 1991.
- ^ Succession of Ukraine
- ^ 1992: The last president of the Ukrainian People's Republic hands over to Kravchuk regalia. Ukrayinska Pravda. 22 January 2012
- ^ Schmemann, Serge (9 November 1992). "New Leader in a Lament for Ukraine". The New York Times.
- ^ a b c President Zelensky dismisses Fokin from TCG, Ukrinform (30 September 2020)(in Ukrainian) Zelensky fired Fokin from the TCG, Ukrayinska Pravda (30 September 2020)
- ^ "Будинок у Києві, куди влучила збита ракета, належить колишньому прем'єру Фокіну". Радіо Свобода (in Ukrainian). 28 March 2022.
Notes
edit- ^ As Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic until 18 April 1991. Ukraine declared independence from the Soviet Union on 24 August 1991.
External links
edit- Interview of Fokin, Boulevard of Gordon; 23 October 2012.
- Interview of Fokin, Boulevard of Gordon; 7 March 2017.