The Santalaceae, sandalwoods, are a widely distributed family of flowering plants (including small trees, shrubs, perennial herbs, and epiphytic climbers[2]) which, like other members of Santalales, are partially parasitic on other plants. Its flowers are bisexual or, by abortion ("flower drop"), unisexual.[3] Modern treatments of the Santalaceae include the family Viscaceae (mistletoes), previously considered distinct.
| Santalaceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Santalum ellipticum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Santalales |
| Family: | Santalaceae R.Br. |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Viscaceae Batsch (1802) | |
The APG II system of 2003 recognises the family and assigns it to the order Santalales in the clade core eudicots. However, the circumscription by APG is much wider than accepted by previous classifications, including the plants earlier treated in families Eremolepidaceae and Viscaceae. It includes about 1,000 species in 43 genera.[4] Many have reported traditional and cultural uses, including as medicine.[5]
Genera
edit43 genera are accepted.[1]
- Acanthosyris (Eichler) Griseb.
- Amphorogyne Stauffer & Hürl.
- Antidaphne Poepp. & Endl. (previously Eremolepidaceae)
- Arceuthobium M.Bieb. (previously Viscaceae)
- Buckleya Torr.
- Cervantesia Ruiz & Pav.
- Choretrum R.Br.
- Comandra Nutt.
- Daenikera Hürl. & Stauffer
- Dendromyza Danser[2]
- Dendrophthora Eichler (previously Viscaceae)
- Dendrotrophe Miq.
- Elaphanthera N.Hallé
- Eubrachion Hook.f. (previously Eremolepidaceae)
- Exocarpos Labill.[2]
- Geocaulon Fernald
- Ginalloa Korth. (previously Viscaceae)
- Henslowia Blume
- Hylomyza Danser
- Jodina Hook. & Arn. ex Meisn.
- Korthalsella Tiegh.
- Lacomucinaea Nickrent & M.A.García
- Lepidoceras Hook.f. (previously Eremolepidaceae)
- Leptomeria R.Br.
- Mida R.Cunn. ex A.Cunn.
- Myoschilos Ruiz & Pav.
- Nanodea Banks ex C.F.Gaertn.
- Nestronia Raf.
- Notothixos Oliv. (previously Viscaceae)
- Okoubaka Pellegr. & Normand
- Omphacomeria A.DC.
- Osyridicarpos A.DC.
- Osyris L.
- Phacellaria Benth.
- Phoradendron Nutt. (previously Viscaceae)
- Pilgerina Z.S.Rogers, Nickrent & Malécot
- Pyrularia Michx.
- Rhoiacarpos A.DC.
- Santalum L.
- Scleropyrum Arn.
- Staufferia Z.S.Rogers, Nickrent & Malécot
- Thesium L.
- Viscum L. (previously Viscaceae)
Formerly placed here
edit- Anthobolus R.Br. – to Opiliaceae
- Arjona - to Schoepfiaceae
- Quinchamalium - to Schoepfiaceae
References
edit- ^ a b Santalaceae R.Br. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Hewson & George [et al.], Santalaceae taxonomy Archived 2015-03-24 at the Wayback Machine, 1984, pp. 191-194.
- ^ Pilger, R. Santalaceae (with 17 figures). R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. (1810) 350, pp. 1-45.
- ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3). Magnolia Press: 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
- ^ O'Neill, A. R.; Rana, S. K. (2019). "An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 12 (14): 14. doi:10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y. PMC 4765049. PMID 26912113.
External links
edit
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Amphorogynaceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Cervantesiaceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Comandraceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Nanodeaceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Santalaceae s. str.
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Thesiaceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Viscaceae
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