Moxostoma, the redhorses or jumprocks, is a genus of North American ray-finned fish in the family Catostomidae. Redhorses are variable in size, geographic location, and other ecological traits such as spawning substrate.[2][3][4] Several redhorses are long-lived (lifespans greater than 20 years), much like many other catostomid species. The silver redhorse is the longest-lived redhorse known by nearly a decade, with ages exceeding 40 years.[2] Redhorses are broadly of conservation concern, as these long-lived species are highly intolerant to environmental pollution,[5] habitat fragmentation,[5] and are currently subject to unregulated 21st century sport bowfishing which is removing and wantonly wasting several of these species by the ton.[2]
| Moxostoma | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Suborder: | Catostomoidei |
| Family: | Catostomidae |
| Subfamily: | Catostominae |
| Genus: | Moxostoma Rafinesque, 1820[1] |
| Type species | |
| Catostomus anisurus Rafinesque 1820[1]
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| Species | |
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22, see text. | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Species
editThe following 22 species are recognized in this genus:[6]
- Moxostoma albidum (Girard, 1856) (Longlip jumprock)
- Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque, 1820) (Silver redhorse)
- Moxostoma ariommum C. R. Robins & Raney, 1956 (Bigeye jumprock)
- Moxostoma austrinum T. H. Bean, 1880 (Mexican redhorse)
- Moxostoma breviceps (Cope, 1870) (Smallmouth redhorse)
- Moxostoma carinatum (Cope, 1870) (River redhorse)
- Moxostoma cervinum ([Cope, 1868) (Blacktip jumprock)
- Moxostoma collapsum (Cope, 1870) (Notchlip redhorse)
- Moxostoma congestum (S. F. Baird & Girard, 1854) (Gray redhorse)
- Moxostoma duquesni (Lesueur, 1817) (Black redhorse)
- Moxostoma erythrurum (Rafinesque, 1818) (Golden redhorse)
- Moxostoma hubbsi V. Legendre, 1952 (Copper redhorse)
- †Moxostoma lacerum (D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1877) (Harelip sucker)
- Moxostoma lachneri C. R. Robins & Raney, 1956 (Greater jumprock)
- Moxostoma macrolepidotum (Lesueur, 1817) (Shorthead redhorse)
- Moxostoma mascotae Regan, 1907 (Mascota jumprock)
- Moxostoma milleri C. R. Robins & Raney, 1957
- Moxostoma pappillosum (Cope, 1870) (V-lip redhorse)
- Moxostoma pisolabrum Trautman & R. G. Martin, 1951 (Pealip redhorse)
- Moxostoma poecilurum (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Blacktail redhorse)
- Moxostoma robustum (Cope, 1870) (Robust redhorse)
- Moxostoma rupiscartes D. S. Jordan & O. P. Jenkins, 1889 (Striped jumprock)
- Moxostoma valenciennesi D. S. Jordan, 1885 (Greater redhorse)
Additionally, four undescribed species are thought to belong to this genus:
- Moxostoma sp. 1 "Apalachicola" Undescribed, (Apalachicola Redhorse)
- Moxostoma sp. 2 "Sicklefin" Undescribed, (Sicklefin Redhorse)
- Moxostoma sp. 3 "Carolina" Undescribed, (Carolina Redhorse)
- Moxostoma sp. 4 "Brassy" Undescribed, (Brassy Jumprock)
References
edit- ^ a b c Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Catostomidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ a b c Lackmann, Alec R.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Jacobson, Reed I.; Andrews, Allen H.; Butler, Malcolm G.; Clark, Mark E. (2023-08-30). "Harvest trends, growth and longevity, and population dynamics reveal traditional assumptions for redhorse (Moxostoma spp.) management in Minnesota are not supported". Environmental Biology of Fishes. doi:10.1007/s10641-023-01460-8. ISSN 1573-5133.
- ^ Reid, S. M. (June 2006). "Timing and Demographic Characteristics of Redhorse Spawning Runs in Three Great Lakes Basin Rivers". Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 21 (2): 249–258. doi:10.1080/02705060.2006.9664993. ISSN 0270-5060.
- ^ Reid, S. M. (April 2009). "Age, growth and mortality of black redhorse ( Moxostoma duquesnei ) and shorthead redhorse ( M. macrolepidotum ) in the Grand River, Ontario". Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 25 (2): 178–183. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01214.x.
- ^ a b Jelks, Howard L.; Walsh, Stephen J.; Burkhead, Noel M.; Contreras-Balderas, Salvador; Diaz-Pardo, Edmundo; Hendrickson, Dean A.; Lyons, John; Mandrak, Nicholas E.; McCormick, Frank; Nelson, Joseph S.; Platania, Steven P.; Porter, Brady A.; Renaud, Claude B.; Schmitter-Soto, Juan Jacobo; Taylor, Eric B. (August 2008). "Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes". Fisheries. 33 (8): 372–407. doi:10.1577/1548-8446-33.8.372. ISSN 0363-2415.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Moxostoma". FishBase. August 2011 version.
- Georgia Biodiversity Portal. Table of Rare Fishes. June 7, 2022 version.
- Fishes of North Carolina, Freshwater Fishes of North Carolina, Catostomidae. Freshwater Fishes of North Carolina. 2020 version.