Koca Davud Pasha (Turkish: Koca Davut Paşa; 1446–1498) was an Ottoman Albanian general and grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1482 to 1497 during the reign of Bayezid II. He became a damat ("bridegroom") to the Ottoman dynasty by marrying an Ottoman princess, a daughter of Bayezid II whose name is unknown. They had a son, Sultanzade Mehmed Bey, who married his cousin Fatma Sultan, daughter of Şehzade Ahmed.
Koca · Damat Davud | |
|---|---|
| 18th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire | |
| In office 1482–1497 | |
| Monarch | Bayezid II |
| Preceded by | Ishak Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1446 Albania |
| Died | 20 October 1498 (aged 51–52) Didymoteicho, Ottoman Empire (modern Greece) |
| Nationality | Ottoman-Albanian |
| Spouse | Fülane Sultan |
| Children | Sultanzade Mehmed Bey |
Early life
editDavud Pasha was probably a converted Muslim and formerly Christian Albanian, who during his childhood lived in Istanbul and was conscripted in the system in the ranks of the Ottoman army ( in which he was sent by his own family to make career), where he was converted to Islam.[1][2]
Military campaigns
editIn 1473 as Beylerbey of the Anatolian Eyalet he was one of the commanders of the Ottoman army in the decisive victory against Ak Koyunlu in the Battle of Otlukbeli.[3] In 1478 he was given control of the troops marching against Shkodër, Albania by Sultan Mehmed II, who marched against Krujë. Davud Pasha managed to capture the city, which was the last stronghold of the League of Lezhë, thus ending the Ottoman-Albanian Wars.[2] In 1479 he became governor (sanjakbey) of the sanjak of Bosnia and as the commander of large force of akıncı cavalry carried out extensive attacks and raids against the Kingdom of Hungary.[4]
As grand vizier, he led the Ottoman army in the 1487 campaign of the Ottoman-Mamluk War. Initially Davud Pasha planned an all-out offensive expedition against the Mamluks, but his plan was cancelled by Bayezid II, who assigned him to attack the Turgutlu and Varsak tribes. When Davud Pasha reached the Turgut and Varsak territories, the Varsak leaders, including the chief of the tribe, submitted to him and swore allegiance to the Ottoman Empire.[3]
He died in Didymoteicho on 20 October 1498, leaving behind a large estate, with which several public works were constructed.
Public works
editDavud Pasha's public works are mainly found in the Forum Arcadii area of modern Istanbul. In that area he built a mosque with 108 shops around it, a madrasa, a school, a hospice, a soup kitchen for the poor population and a public fountain dating to 1485.[5][6] The whole neighborhood was consequently named after him as the Davutpaşa neighborhood, part of the Fatih district in modern times. In the Yenikapı neighborhood he built a palace, a landing stage, eleven shops and public baths. His other public works include a bedestan in Bitola and shops in Skopje and Bursa.[5] Davud Pasha's baths in modern Skopje are the largest baths in the Balkans; in modern times they are used as an art gallery.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Shaw, Stanford J. (1976-10-29). History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-521-29163-7. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ a b Babinger, Franz; Manheim, Ralph; Hickman, William C. (1992). Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Princeton University Press. p. 362. ISBN 978-0-691-01078-6. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ a b Har-El, Shai (1995). Struggle for domination in the Middle East: the Ottoman-Mamluk War, 1485-91. BRILL. p. 149. ISBN 978-90-04-10180-7. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ Setton, Kenneth M.; Hazard, Harry W.; Zacour, Norman P., eds. (1989). A History of the Crusades, Volume VI: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe. Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 329. ISBN 0-299-10740-X.
- ^ a b Singh, Nagendra Kr (2002-09-01). International encyclopaedia of Islamic dynasties. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. p. 366. ISBN 978-81-261-0403-1. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ Behar, Cem (2003). A neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul: fruit vendors and civil servants in the Kasap İlyas Mahalle. SUNY Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-7914-5682-8. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
- ^ Evans, Thammy (2010-01-01). Macedonia. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 117. ISBN 978-1-84162-297-2. Retrieved 6 October 2010.