The Intersputnik International Organization of Space Communications, commonly known as Intersputnik, is an international satellite communications services organization founded on 15 November 1971, in Moscow by the Soviet Union along with a group of seven formerly socialist states (Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Mongolia) and Cuba.
 Intersputnik logo | |
| Formation | 15 November 1971 |
|---|---|
| Legal status | Active |
| Headquarters | Moscow, Russia |
Membership | 25 member states |
Official language | Russian |
Director General | Ksenia Drozdova[1] |
| Website | intersputnik.int |
The objective was and continues to be the development and common use of communications satellites. It was created as the Eastern Bloc's response to the Western Intelsat organization. As of 2008 the organization has 25 member states, among them the Federal Republic of Germany as the legal successor of the GDR.
Intersputnik nowadays is a commercially aligned organization. It operates 12 satellites in orbit and 41 transponders. In June 1997 Intersputnik created the Lockheed Martin Intersputnik (LMI) joint venture together with Lockheed Martin, which built and operated the satellites of the same name. In September 2006, Lockheed Martin Intersputnik was acquired by Asia Broadcast Satellite (ABS).
History
editInitially, the Intersputnik system was created on the basis of the Soviet Orbit-2 satellite broadcasting network and was designed to serve the countries participating in the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon). The main system and technical developments were carried out by NIIR, radio receiving equipment was produced at the Moscow Radio Engineering Plant, antenna-feeder devices at the Podolsk Electromechanical Plant, radio transmitting and channel-forming equipment was manufactured by the Krasnoyarsk TV Plant.
In the initial version, Intersputnik used highly elliptical satellites of the Molniya-3 type, and in 1978 it began using geostationary satellites of the Gorizont type. Receiving complexes "Orbita-2" with transmitters "Gradient-K" and channel-forming equipment RS-1, RS-2 operated at the earth stations. In the process of modernization, the transmitters were replaced by more modern Helikon type with a power of 3 kW and new channel-forming equipment “Gradient-N” began to be used. Subsequently, the Research Institute for Telecommunication (TKI) in Budapest took part in the development of the equipment for Intersputnik, and factories in Hungary and Czechoslovakia were connected to production.[2]
Member states
edit
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Directorate". Intersputnik.net. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ^ Vonog A. I. Intersputnik system. Krasnoyarsk TV plant. Our story. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ^ "Member Countries". Intersputnik. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
External links
edit- Official website
- Agreement on the legal capacity, privileges and immunities, Berlin, 20 September 1976
- satnews.com Archived 2007-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
- english.pravda.ru
- un.org
- dlr.de