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Frederick County, Maryland

Frederick County is a county located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717.[2] The county seat is Frederick.[3] The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Frederick County
County
Downtown Frederick with the Blue Ridge Mountains in the distance in June 2014
Downtown Frederick with the Blue Ridge Mountains in the distance in June 2014
Flag of Frederick County
Flag
Official seal of Frederick County
Seal
Nicknames: 
"Frederick", "FredCo"
Location of Frederick County in Maryland
Location of Frederick County in Maryland
Coordinates: 39°28′N 77°24′W / 39.47°N 77.40°W / 39.47; -77.40
CountryUnited States
StateMaryland
FoundedJune 10, 1748
County seatFrederick
Government
 • County ExecutiveJessica Fitzwater
 • County CouncilRenee Knapp (D)
Brad Young (D)
Jerry Donald (D)
Steven McKay (R)
M. C. Keegan-Ayer (D)
Kavonte Duckett (D)
Mason Carter (R)[1]
Area
 • Total
667 sq mi (1,730 km2)
 • Land660 sq mi (1,700 km2)
 • Water7.2 sq mi (19 km2)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
271,717
 • Density410/sq mi (160/km2)
Time zoneEastern (EST)
 • Summer (DST)EDT
ZIP Codes
21701, 21702, 21703, 21704, 21705, 21709
Area codes301, 240
Congressional districts6th
Websitehttp://www.FrederickCountyMD.gov/

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s.[4] It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.

Etymology

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The namesake of Frederick County and its county seat is unknown, but it was probably either Frederick, Prince of Wales, or Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore.[5]

History

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Frederick County was created in 1748 by the Province of Maryland from parts of Prince George's County and Baltimore County.

In 1776, following US independence, Frederick County was divided into three parts. The westernmost portion became Washington County, named after George Washington, the southernmost portion became Montgomery County, named after another Revolutionary War general, Richard Montgomery. The northern portion remained Frederick County.

In 1837, a part of Frederick County was combined with a part of Baltimore County to form Carroll County which is east of current day Frederick County.

The county has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places.[6]

Geography

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class=notpageimage|
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area[7]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 667 square miles (1,730 km2), of which 660 square miles (1,700 km2) is land and 7.2 square miles (19 km2) (1.1%) is water.[8] It is the largest county in Maryland in terms of land area.[9]

Frederick County straddles the boundary between the Piedmont Plateau Region and the Appalachian Mountains. The county's two prominent ridges, Catoctin Mountain and South Mountain, form an extension of the Blue Ridge. The Middletown Valley lies between them.

Attractions in the Frederick area include the Clustered Spires, a monument to Francis Scott Key, the National Museum of Civil War Medicine, Monocacy National Battlefield and South Mountain battlefields, and the Schifferstadt Architectural Museum.

Adjacent counties

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National protected areas

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Major highways

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I-70 and US 40 in Frederick County

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
179030,791—
180031,5232.4%
181034,4379.2%
182040,45917.5%
183045,78913.2%
184036,405−20.5%
185040,98712.6%
186046,59113.7%
187047,5722.1%
188050,4826.1%
189049,512−1.9%
190051,9204.9%
191052,6731.5%
192052,541−0.3%
193054,4403.6%
194057,3125.3%
195062,2878.7%
196071,93015.5%
197084,92718.1%
1980114,79235.2%
1990150,20830.9%
2000195,27730.0%
2010233,38519.5%
2020271,71716.4%
2023 (est.)293,391[10]8.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010[15] 2020[16]

Frederick County has experienced a rapid increase in population since the 1980s, including that of minority groups.[4]

2020 census

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Frederick County, Maryland – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2010[15] Pop 2020[16] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 181,645 183,636 77.83% 67.58%
Black or African American alone (NH) 19,611 27,007 8.40% 9.94%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 512 401 0.22% 0.15%
Asian alone (NH) 8,876 13,427 3.80% 4.94%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 92 154 0.04% 0.06%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 405 1,445 0.17% 0.53%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 5,109 13,528 2.19% 4.98%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 17,135 32,119 7.34% 11.82%
Total 233,385 271,717 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

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At the 2010 United States Census, there were 233,385 people, 84,800 households and 61,198 families residing in the county.[17] The population density was 353.5 per square mile (136.5/km2). There were 90,136 housing units at an average density of 136.5 per square mile (52.7/km2).[18] The racial make-up of the county was 81.5% white, 8.6% black or African American, 3.8% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 2.9% from other races and 2.8% from two or more races. The total (all races) of those self-identifying as Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.3%, and those persons who were white alone made up 77.8% of the population.[17] 26.3% of the population cited German ancestry, 17.4% Irish, 12.1% English, 7.2% Italian, and 6.3% American.[19]

Of the 84,800 households, 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.8% were non-families, and 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.17. The median age was 38.6 years.[17]

The median household income was $81,686 and the median family income was $95,036. Males had a median income of $62,494 and females $46,720. The per capita income was $35,172. About 3.2% of families and 4.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.8% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.<ref">"DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2016.</ref>

Law, government, and politics

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Charter government

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On December 1, 2014, Frederick County changed to a "charter home rule government".[20]

Voters approved this governmental change at the November 6, 2012, election with 62,469 voting for the transition and 37,368 against. Previously, Frederick County had been governed by a five-member county commission that could only legislate in local matters with the prior consent of the Maryland General Assembly. Even that authority was limited to areas authorized by the General Assembly, enabling legislation, or public local laws. As a charter county, Frederick County is now governed by a seven-member county council, with five elected from districts and two elected at-large. A popularly elected county executive is responsible for providing direction, supervision, and administrative oversight of all executive departments, agencies, and offices. The council has broad power to act on most local matters.[21]

Jan H. Gardner was elected the first Frederick County executive in 2014[22] and was re-elected in 2018.[23]

County Executive
  Name Affiliation Term
  Jan Gardner Democrat 2014–2022
  Jessica Fitzwater Democrat 2022–present

The members of the third Frederick County Council for the term beginning 2022 are:[24]

County Council
  Name Affiliation District Region First elected
  Renee Knapp Democrat At-large At-large 2022
  Brad W. Young Democrat At-large At-large 2022
  Jerry Donald[25] Democrat 1 Braddock Heights, Middletown, Brunswick 2014
  Steve McKay Republican 2 Monrovia, Urbana, New Market, Mount Airy 2018
  M.C. Keegan-Ayer Democrat 3 Frederick, Clover Hill 2014
  Kavonte Duckett Democrat 4 Frederick, Ballenger Creek, Linganore 2022
  Mason Carter Republican 5 Myersville, Emmitsburg, Thurmont 2022

The Frederick County state's attorney, first elected November 2, 2010, and re-elected in 2018 and 2022, is Charlie Smith, a Republican.[24]

The sheriff of Frederick County is Republican Chuck Jenkins.[24]

Frederick County's fire and rescue service is handled by a combination career and volunteer service delivery system. The county employs over 450 career firefighters. Volunteers of the 26 volunteer fire and rescue corporations number approximately 300 active operational members. Fire, rescue and emergency medical services, including advanced life support, are handled by career staffing supplemented by volunteers. The county has a Maryland State Police Medevac located at the Frederick Municipal Airport and is designated "Trooper 3". Trooper 3 handles calls throughout the state, but provides immediate assistance to local police, fire and rescue services.

Politics

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Like the rest of German-influenced Western Maryland, Frederick County was once staunchly Republican, with Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 being the last Democrat to carry it in a presidential election until Joe Biden carried the county in 2020. The growth of the county with migration from Washington D.C. had begun to narrow the margins starting from 2008, with John McCain only edging out Barack Obama by only 1,157 votes out of over one hundred thousand cast in the 2008 election.

Democratic strength is mostly concentrated in the City of Frederick, while the suburban and rural areas of the county lean more Republican.

Voter registration and party enrollment as of March 2024[26]
Democratic 77,554 38.5%
Republican 67,917 33.72%
Unaffiliated 52,948 26.29%
Libertarian 1,245 0.62%
Other parties 1,750 0.87%
Total 201,414 100%
United States presidential election results for Frederick County, Maryland[27]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 68,753 44.04% 82,409 52.79% 4,952 3.17%
2020 63,682 43.73% 77,675 53.34% 4,258 2.92%
2016 59,522 47.36% 56,522 44.97% 9,633 7.66%
2012 58,798 50.21% 55,146 47.09% 3,171 2.71%
2008 55,170 49.62% 54,013 48.58% 2,003 1.80%
2004 59,934 59.58% 39,503 39.27% 1,157 1.15%
2000 45,350 57.65% 30,725 39.06% 2,586 3.29%
1996 34,494 52.82% 25,081 38.41% 5,728 8.77%
1992 31,290 48.37% 21,848 33.77% 11,553 17.86%
1988 32,575 65.32% 17,061 34.21% 231 0.46%
1984 29,606 68.67% 13,411 31.11% 96 0.22%
1980 22,033 56.31% 13,629 34.83% 3,468 8.86%
1976 17,941 55.23% 14,542 44.77% 0 0.00%
1972 19,907 69.48% 8,235 28.74% 509 1.78%
1968 13,649 51.87% 8,316 31.60% 4,348 16.52%
1964 9,264 38.90% 14,548 61.10% 0 0.00%
1960 13,408 57.50% 9,910 42.50% 1 0.00%
1956 14,387 65.38% 7,619 34.62% 0 0.00%
1952 14,562 64.86% 7,851 34.97% 38 0.17%
1948 9,934 57.77% 7,142 41.53% 121 0.70%
1944 11,367 57.13% 8,528 42.87% 0 0.00%
1940 10,485 48.02% 11,255 51.55% 93 0.43%
1936 9,500 46.83% 10,722 52.85% 64 0.32%
1932 7,144 39.64% 10,686 59.29% 194 1.08%
1928 12,569 62.57% 7,406 36.87% 114 0.57%
1924 8,441 49.35% 7,740 45.25% 925 5.41%
1920 9,559 54.57% 7,747 44.22% 212 1.21%
1916 5,725 47.61% 6,094 50.67% 207 1.72%
1912 2,813 24.76% 5,545 48.81% 3,002 26.43%
1908 5,966 52.72% 5,158 45.58% 192 1.70%
1904 5,788 52.83% 5,004 45.67% 164 1.50%
1900 6,391 51.30% 5,820 46.72% 246 1.97%
1896 6,352 53.20% 5,214 43.67% 374 3.13%
1892 5,502 48.12% 5,643 49.35% 289 2.53%
1888 5,822 50.89% 5,385 47.07% 233 2.04%
1884 5,497 50.59% 5,204 47.89% 165 1.52%
1880 5,764 52.13% 5,278 47.73% 16 0.14%
1876 5,260 51.42% 4,970 48.58% 0 0.00%
1872 5,186 56.06% 4,065 43.94% 0 0.00%
1868 3,869 50.36% 3,813 49.64% 0 0.00%
1864 3,553 60.68% 2,302 39.32% 0 0.00%
1860 103 1.40% 445 6.07% 6,783 92.52%
1856 21 0.30% 3,304 46.87% 3,724 52.83%
1852 3,204 48.85% 3,342 50.95% 13 0.20%
1848 3,158 51.26% 2,983 48.42% 20 0.32%
1844 3,190 51.58% 2,994 48.42% 0 0.00%
1840 2,958 53.00% 2,623 47.00% 0 0.00%
1836 3,130 50.94% 3,015 49.06% 0 0.00%

In state-level elections, Republicans in Frederick rebounded to more historical levels in the 2010 Maryland gubernatorial and senatorial elections, giving the Republican Ehrlich–Kane ticket 55% to Democrat O'Malley–Brown's 45. Frederick voters also supported Republican Senate challenger Eric Wargotz over incumbent Democratic Senator Barbara Mikulski by a margin of 51–46, even as Mikulski was winning statewide by a landslide 61–37. Despite its conservative reputation, Frederick County voted in favor of Maryland Question 6, which legalized same-sex marriage in Maryland. In the 2014 gubernatorial race, Republican Larry Hogan won Frederick County strongly with 63 percent of the vote compared to Democrat Anthony Brown's 35 percent.[28] In the 2018 elections, despite increased support for Hogan, the Democrats experienced significant gains, securing a majority on the County Council and winning District 3B in the House of Delegates.[29][30] The Senate election also saw incumbent U.S. Senator Ben Cardin win Frederick County with 51.7% of the vote.[31] After Biden's win in 2020, the trend towards Democrats continued in 2022, as Democrats increased their majority on the County Council by one seat and gubernatorial candidate Wes Moore won the county with over 53% of the vote compared to 43% for Republican and Emmitsburg resident Dan Cox, the first time Frederick County voted for a Democratic gubernatorial candidate since William Donald Schaefer's landslide victory in 1986.[32] In the Senate election also held in 2022, incumbent Democratic Senator Chris Van Hollen won the county 55.3% to 44.6% over Republican Chris Chaffee.[33]

Gubernatorial elections results
Gubernatorial elections results[34]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2022 43.19% 46,040 53.46% 56,992 3.34% 3,576
2018 67.67% 72,560 31.11% 33,355 1.22% 1,304
2014 63.34% 50,715 34.57% 27,682 2.09% 1,675
2010 54.74% 41,410 42.59% 32,222 2.67% 2,021
2006 59.57% 43,536 39.19% 28,644 1.24% 908
2002 65.98% 43,646 33.12% 21,913 0.9% 596

Public safety

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The Frederick County Sheriff's Office provides court protection, jail management and morgue operation for the entire county. It provides police patrol and detective services within the unincorporated areas of Frederick County. The entire county entails a population of 222,938 within 662.88 square miles (1,716.9 km2). Frederick City, Brunswick, Mount Airy, Emmitsburg and Thurmont have municipal police departments. Middletown contracts with the Sheriff's Office for its policing.[35]

Crime

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The following table includes the number of incidents reported for each type of offense from 2012 to 2019.[36]

Year Homicide Forcible sex offense Assault Robbery Burglary Theft Motor vehicle theft Fraud Arson
2012 0 71 45 9 153 198 5 41 11
2013  4  50  36  23  139  85  10  46  17
2014  0  61  30  23  169  161  3  42  9
2015  4  56  32  23  150  124  4  47  10
2016  1  53  31  26  134  142  12  62  4
2017  3  64  35  24  134  145  18  57  8
2018  1  52  33  16  103  158  7  85  4
2019  1  56  45  17  97  147  18  77  9

Economy

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The U.S. Census Bureau reported the following data for Frederick County, June 6, 2011.[37]

Metric Frederick County Maryland
Per capita money income in past 12 months (2013 dollars), 2009-2013 $36,917 $36,354
Median household income, 2009-2013 $84,570 $73,538
Persons below poverty level, percent, 2009-2013 6.1% 9.8%
Private nonfarm establishments, 2013 5,955 135,4211
Private nonfarm employment, 2013 83,799 2,182,2601
Private nonfarm employment, percent change, 2012-2013 1.1% 1.4%
Nonemployer establishments, 2012 16,843 442,314
Total number of firms, 2007 21,430 528,112
Black-owned firms, percent 5.9% 19.3%
Asian-owned firms, percent 3.3% 6.8%
Hispanic-owned firms, percent, 2007 3.6% 4.9%
Women-owned firms 31.1% 32.6%
Manufacturers shipments, 2007 ($1000) 3,003,696 41,456,097
Merchant wholesaler sales, 2007 ($1000) 1,252,142 51,276,797
Retail sales, 2007 ($1000) 3,066,281 75,664,186
Retail sales per capita, 2007 $13,629 $13,429
Accommodation and food services sales, 2007 ($1000) 356,482 10,758,428
Building permits, 2013 1,220 17,918

According to the Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development, the following are the principal employers in Frederick County. This list excludes U.S. post offices and state and local governments, but includes public institutions of higher education.[38]

Employer Employees
(Nov. 2014)[38]
Fort Detrick
(including Frederick National Laboratory
for Cancer Research) 		4,600
Frederick Memorial Healthcare System 2,696
Wells Fargo Home Mortgage 1,881
Leidos Biomedical Research 1,836
Bechtel 1,578
Frederick Community College 1,055
State Farm Insurance 900
Walmart/Sam's Club 700
AstraZeneca 595
Lonza Walkersville 520
Hood College 519
Mount St. Mary's University 511
UnitedHealthcare 500
McDonald's 499
Giant Food 490
Way Station 480
Costco Wholesale 452
Life Technologies 450
NVR 450
Wegmans Food Markets 445
Home Depot 444
Plamondon Companies 400
Stulz Air Technology Systems 375
Weis Markets 363
RR Donnelley 359
YMCA of Frederick County 350
Canam Steel 333
Giant Eagle 330
Homewood Retirement Centers 300
Toys "R" Us 260
Trans-Tech 260

Frederick County leads Maryland in milk production; the county's dairy herds account for one-third of the state's total.[39] However, the dairy market is unstable, and the county, like the state more broadly, has lost dairy farms.[40]

Communities

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Map of Frederick County's urban areas
 
Brunswick
 
Burkittsville
 
Emmitsburg
 
Frederick, the county seat and largest community in Frederick County
 
Middletown
 
Myersville

Cities

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Towns

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Village

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Census-designated places

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The Census Bureau recognizes the following census-designated places in the county:

Unincorporated communities

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Education

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The school district for the county is Frederick County Public Schools.[41]

A statewide school for the deaf, Maryland School for the Deaf, is in Frederick.

Notable people

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Notable people from Frederick County include:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "2022 Frederick County Election Results". Frederick County. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  2. ^ "Frederick County, Maryland". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ^ a b "Population Change in Suburban Maryland" (PDF). George Mason University. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
    "Metropolitan sprawl puts urban in suburban". 2012. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
  5. ^ "Frederick County, Maryland – Government". March 5, 2008. Retrieved August 16, 2008 – via Maryland State Archives.
  6. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
  7. ^ "Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV". U.S. Census Bureau. U.S. Department of Commerce. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
  8. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
  9. ^ "Frederick News-Post Local Section". The Frederick News-Post. Archived from the original on March 16, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
  10. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
  11. ^ "Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  12. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
  13. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
  14. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
  15. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Frederick County, Maryland". United States Census Bureau.
  16. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Frederick County, Maryland". United States Census Bureau.
  17. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  18. ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  19. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  20. ^ "Charter Government Transition". Frederick County, MD Government. Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
  21. ^ Depies, Lori (March 18, 2013). "Charter Government and Transition: What it means to you and to Frederick County" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
  22. ^ McManus, Kevin (November 5, 2014). "Gardner Elected Frederick County's First Executive". WFMD-AM. Frederick, Maryland: Aloha Station Trust, LLC. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014.
  23. ^ "2018 county election results in Maryland". WTOP. November 7, 2018.
  24. ^ a b c "Election Summary Report Gubernatorial General Election, Frederick County, Maryland, November 4, 2014: Summary For Jurisdiction Wide, All Counters, All Races, Unofficial Results, Early Voting, Polling Place, and Absentee 1 Canvass" (PDF). Frederick County Board of Elections. November 6, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 8, 2014.
    - "2014 Council Districts" (PDF). Frederick County Board of Elections. November 19, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2014.
  25. ^ Rodgers, Bethany (November 15, 2014). "Donald takes County Council seat by 25 votes". Frederick News-Post. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
  26. ^ "Maryland Board of Elections Voter Registration Activity Report March 2024" (PDF). Maryland Board of Elections. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  27. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  28. ^ "Election Summary Report". Archived from the original on January 29, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  29. ^ "2018 Maryland Election Results: Governor's race, statewide offices". WTOP. November 6, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
    - "2018 county election results in Maryland". WTOP. November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  30. ^ "2018 Maryland House of Delegates Election Results". WTOP. November 6, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  31. ^ "Maryland Election Results 2018: Live Midterm Map by County & Analysis". Politico. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  32. ^ "Unofficial 2022 Gubernatorial General Election Results for Frederick County". Maryland Board of Elections. November 22, 2022. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  33. ^ "Maryland Senate Midterm Election Results and Maps 2022 | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  34. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections - State Data". uselectionatlas.org.
  35. ^ Frederick County Sheriff office website
  36. ^ "2019 Frederick County Sheriff's Office Annual Report". WTOP. November 6, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  37. ^ State & County QuickFacts, Frederick County Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Maryland, United States Census Bureau.
  38. ^ a b Major Employers in Frederick County, Maryland, Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development.
  39. ^ "Maryland at a Glance: Agriculture", Maryland Manual, April 2015.
  40. ^ "Frederick County Dairy Farm Closes Its Doors". CBS News Baltimore. Associated Press. October 1, 2012.
  41. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Frederick County, MD" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 16, 2024. - Text list
  42. ^ "TANNEHILL, Adamson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
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