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Easter egg tree

A German tradition of decorating trees and bushes with Easter eggs is known as the Ostereierbaum, or Easter egg tree. A notable example is the Saalfelder Ostereierbaum (Saalfeld Easter egg tree) in Saalfeld, Thuringia.

Saalfeld Easter egg tree with 9200 eggs, taken March 24, 2009

History

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The tradition in Germany to decorate the branches of trees and bushes with eggs for Easter is centuries old, originating in the Christian era. The egg is an ancient symbol of life all over the world. In Christianity, for the celebration of Eastertide, Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus, from which he was resurrected.[1][2][3] Additionally, eggs carry a Trinitarian significance, with shell, yolk, and albumen being three parts of one egg.[4] During Lent, the season of repentance that precedes Easter, eggs along with meat, lacticinia, and wine are foods that are traditionally abstained from, a practice that continues in Eastern Christianity and among certain Western Christian congregations that do the Daniel Fast.[5][6] Eggs are hung on branches of outdoor trees and bushes and on cut branches inside.[7] The custom is found mostly in Germany, Austria and German-speaking Switzerland, but also in other German-influenced places such as Ukraine, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moravia, and the Pennsylvania Dutch region of the United States.[8][9][10] Egg trees are also sometimes decorated on May Day, Christmas, Whitsun, and the summer solstice.[7] Other German Easter traditions include the dressing of public wells as Osterbrunnen, Osterhasen (Easter Hares) and Osterfeuer (Easter bonfires).[11]

Saalfelder Ostereierbaum

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At the Saalfelder Ostereierbaum with Mr. Kraft in Saalfeld: was decorated from 1965 - 2015.

An exceptional example is Saalfelder Ostereierbaum, an apple tree in the garden of Volker Kraft in Saalfeld, Thuringia. Kraft and his family have been decorating the tree since 1965, starting with just 18 plastic eggs.[12] This had been a childhood dream of Volker Kraft since he saw his first Easter "tree", a lilac bush which he passed on the way to school as a youth in 1945.[13] By 1994 the Krafts had increased the number of eggs to about 350 pieces. As the tree grew, they needed more eggs for decorating. The Krafts blew out almost all the eggs used in their household during the year and reused the eggs each year.[12]

Between 1994 and 2009, the family hung an annual average of 700 new Easter eggs on the tree, but due to losses by storm and vandalism, the net annual average increase was 590 eggs. In 2012 there were over 10,000 eggs on the Easter egg tree, and Kraft said that he would not try to hang more.[12][14] The tree in Saalfeld does not hold the record for the most eggs on one tree. That honor belongs to the Rostock Zoo, which in April 2007 decorated a red oak with 79,596 blown and painted eggs, which earned it an entry in Guinness World Records.[15]

In 1995, a ver.di training center was built in the immediate vicinity, bringing more visitors and national fame to the Kraft Easter egg tree.[16] Beginning in 2003 newspapers from the Netherlands, Kuwait, Austria, Spain, Australia, Thailand, US, and South Africa began reporting on the Kraft Easter egg tree.[12] Crowds of visitors have continuously come since then. The entrance is free, but for curiosity the visitors were counted in 2011 as about 8,000.[12]

Decoration

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Depending on the weather and the date of Easter, the family begins hanging eggs on the tree between late February and late March, roughly four weeks before Easter. In 2009 it took them nine days to decorate the tree; the task involved family members, especially Volker Kraft, his wife Christa, and daughter Gabriela Rumrich. They use ladders to reach the heights of the tree, and hang the eggs working from the inside near the trunk to outside of the tree branches, and from top to bottom. They remove the eggs before the leaves grow to prevent damage to the tree.[12]

Design of the eggs

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All eggs are mouth-blown. Some are sprayed with one or more multicolored patterns. Some eggs are painted with motifs found in the city, such as the city gates or the home-museum, but world-famous buildings are also used as motifs. Many eggs are covered in crochet and protected against further weathering. New themes are used every year. They perforate some eggs for decoration, and others are enhanced with clay for transformation to shapes such as frogs, turtles, hedgehogs, and hot air balloons.[12]

Some visitors bring their own eggs and donate them to the tree,[17] and eggs from foreign countries are represented. Especially precious eggs are shown in a protective display case.[12]

Closure in 2015 and legacy

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According to the official website, 2015 is the final year of the Saalfelder Ostereierbaum, as per the following announcement: "The garden will remain closed from 07.04.2015 forever."[18]

As of early 2016, most of the eggs were given away to a local entity which plans to decorate a different tree in the Schlosspark in Saalfeld. However, the Kraft and Rumrich families won't be participating anymore.

  •  
    Egg with plant drawings
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    Crocheted egg
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    Pearl egg
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    Egg-mice

Other uses

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There is also evidence of egg trees being used for purposes other than Easter commemoration.

By all odds the most striking barrier against witches is the so-called egg tree. Usually it is just a little dead bush with the branches closely trimmed, and literally covered with carefully blown egg shells. There are hundreds of egg shells on a really fine egg tree, which often requires years to perfect. It is set firmly in the ground near the cabin, a favorite place being under a big cedar in the front yard. Just how the egg tree is supposed to drive off witches I was never able to learn.[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Jordan, Anne (5 April 2000). Christianity. Nelson Thornes. ISBN 9780748753208. Easter eggs are used as a Christian symbol to represent the empty tomb. The outside of the egg looks dead but inside there is new life, which is going to break out. The Easter egg is a reminder that Jesus will rise from His tomb and bring new life. Orthodox Christians dye boiled eggs red to make red Easter eggs that represent the blood of Christ shed for the sins of the world.
  2. ^ The Guardian, Volume 29. H. Harbaugh. 1878. Just so, on that first Easter morning, Jesus came to life and walked out of the tomb, and left it, as it were, an empty shell. Just so, too, when the Christian dies, the body is left in the grave, an empty shell, but the soul takes wings and flies away to be with God. Thus you see that though an egg seems to be as dead as a stone, yet it really has life in it; and also it is like Christ's dead body, which was raised to life again. This is the reason we use eggs on Easter. (In days past some used to color the eggs red, so as to show the kind of death by which Christ died,-a bloody death.)
  3. ^ Geddes, Gordon; Griffiths, Jane (22 January 2002). Christian belief and practice. Heinemann. ISBN 9780435306915. Red eggs are given to Orthodox Christians after the Easter Liturgy. They crack their eggs against each other's. The cracking of the eggs symbolizes a wish to break away from the bonds of sin and misery and enter the new life issuing from Christ's resurrection.
  4. ^ Murray, Michael J.; Rea, Michael C. (20 March 2008). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion. Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-139-46965-4.
  5. ^ "Lent: Daniel Fast Gains Popularity". HuffPost. Religion News Service. February 7, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2018. In some cases, entire churches do the Daniel Fast together during Lent. The idea strikes a chord in Methodist traditions, which trace their heritage to John Wesley, a proponent of fasting. Leaders in the African Methodist Episcopal Church have urged churchgoers to do the Daniel Fast together, and congregations from Washington to Pennsylvania and Maryland have joined in.
  6. ^ Hinton, Carla (20 February 2016). "The Fast and the Faithful: Catholic parish in Oklahoma takes up Lenten discipline based on biblical Daniel's diet". The Oklahoman. Retrieved 27 March 2022. Many parishioners at St. Philip Neri are participating in the Daniel fast, a religious diet program based on the fasting experiences of the Old Testament prophet Daniel. ... participating parishioners started the fast Ash Wednesday (Feb. 10) and will continue through Holy Saturday, the day before Easter Sunday.
  7. ^ a b Newall, Venetia (Spring 1967). "Some Notes on the Egg Tree". Folklore. 78 (1): 29–45. doi:10.1080/0015587X.1967.9717072.
  8. ^ Stewart, Martha (2 April 2000). "Eggs Are The Essence Of Easter Decor". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  9. ^ "Easter in Germany". Journey to Germany. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  10. ^ "In Germany, 10,000 Easter Eggs Grace Tree". Fox News. Associated Press. 4 April 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  11. ^ "German Easter Traditions". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h Neubauer, Katrin (3 March 2012). "Saalfelder Ehepaar schmückt Osterbaum mit 10.000 Eiern" (in German). Thüringer-Allgemeine. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  13. ^ "Easter Tree Festooned With 10,000 Painted Eggs". The Telegraph. 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  14. ^ "An Easter Egg Tree Grows in Germany". CBS News. Associated Press. 4 April 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  15. ^ "Largest Easter egg tree". guinnessworldrecords.com. 8 April 2007. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
  16. ^ "Zeitungsausschnitte" (in German). Eierbaum-Saalfeld. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  17. ^ "Geschichte des Ostereierbaums" (in German). Eierbaum-Saalfeld. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  18. ^ "Eierbaum Saalfeld - Egg count". Eierbaum-Saalfeld. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  19. ^ Randolph, Vance (2012-07-31). Ozark Magic and Folklore. Courier Corporation. ISBN 978-0-486-12296-0.
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