Donald James Mackay, 1st Baron Reay, 11th Lord Reay, KT, GCSI, GCIE, PC, FBA, JP, DL (22 December 1839 – 1 August 1921), in the Netherlands known as Donald Jacob, Baron Mackay, Lord of Ophemert and Zennewijnen, was a Dutch-born British administrator and Liberal politician.
The Lord Reay | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Governor of Bombay | |
| In office 1885–1890 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Preceded by | Sir James Fergusson, Bt |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Harris |
| Under-Secretary of State for India | |
| In office 11 March 1894 – 21 June 1895 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Rosebery |
| Preceded by | George W. E. Russell |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Onslow |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 22 December 1839 The Hague, Netherlands |
| Died | 1 August 1921 (aged 81) Carolside, Berwickshire, Scotland |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse | Fanny Hasler |
Background
editMackay was born Donald Jacob baron Mackay in The Hague, Netherlands,[1] the son of Aeneas Mackay, 10th Lord Reay, a Dutch member of Parliament, and jonkvrouw Maria Catharina Anna Jacoba Fagel,[1] daughter of mr. Jacob baron Fagel and jkvr. Maria Boreel, relative of the Boreel baronets.[2]
Political career
editLord Reay succeeded his father in 1876 and was naturalised as a British subject in 1877.[2] He was created Baron Reay, of Durness in the County of Sutherland, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, in 1881.[3] In 1885 he was appointed Governor of Bombay,[4] a post he held until 1890. He was appointed a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire in 1887 and a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India in 1890.[2] After his return to Britain he served as Under-Secretary of State for India between 1894 and 1895 in Lord Rosebery Liberal administration. He was also a British delegate at the Second Peace Conference which led to the signing of the Hague Convention 1907. Other British delegates included Ernest Satow and Eyre Crowe. [citation needed]
Perhaps his most memorable contribution to politics was during the crisis over the People's Budget of 1909–10, where the House of Lords, violating a convention going back more than 200 years, rejected the Budget. Reay strongly opposed this act, and gave the memorable warning: "Oligarchies are seldom destroyed and more frequently commit suicide".[5]
Other public appointments
editApart from his political and administrative career Lord Reay was Rector of St Andrews University from 1884 to 1886,[6] Chairman of the London School Board (1897–1904), President of the Royal Asiatic Society (1893–1921) and University College, London, and the first President of the British Academy from 1902 to 1907.[7][8] He was also Lord Lieutenant of Roxburghshire from 1892 to 1918 and served as President of the first day of the 1882 Co-operative Congress.[9] He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1906[10] and made a Knight of the Thistle in 1911.[11]
He received an honorary doctorate (LL.D) from the University of Glasgow during their 450th jubilee celebrations in June 1901.[12]
He remained in contact with the Dutch community and attended the reception and spoke with the famous Dutch writer Louis Couperus (1863–1923) on the occasion of his visit to London in June 1921, being invited by the Dutch ambassador in London, René de Marees van Swinderen (1860–1955), and which visit was mainly organised by his translator Alexander Teixeira de Mattos (1865–1921).[13]
Family
edit
Lord Reay married Fanny Georgiana Jane, daughter of Richard Hasler, of Aldingbourne, Sussex, in 1877. They had no children. He died in August 1921, aged 81. On his death the barony of 1881 became extinct while he was succeeded in the Scottish title by his cousin Eric baron Mackay (1870–1921) who was succeeded only three months later by his son Sir Aeneas Alexander baron Mackay (1905–1963), 13th Lord Reay, member of the House of Lords (1955–1959).
References
edit- ^ a b Birth certificate, The Hague Municipal Archive
- ^ a b c Nederland's Adelsboek 88 (1999), p. 28.
- ^ "No. 25021". The London Gazette. 30 September 1881. p. 4891.
- ^ "No. 25448". The London Gazette. 3 March 1885. p. 920.
- ^ Roy Jenkins Churchill Macmillans 2001 p.165
- ^ Lord Rectors of St Andrews 1858-to date Archived 5 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "The British Academy". The Times. No. 36937. London. 28 November 1902. p. 8.
- ^ britac.ac.uk Donald James Mackay, KT, FBA, 11th Baron Reay (1839–1921)
- ^ Congress Presidents 1869-2002 (PDF), February 2002, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2008, retrieved 10 May 2008
- ^ "No. 27886". The London Gazette. 16 February 1906. p. 1133.
- ^ leighrayment.com Knights of the Thistle[usurped]
- ^ "Glasgow University Jubilee". The Times. No. 36481. London. 14 June 1901. p. 10. Retrieved 5 January 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Ronald Breugelmans, Louis Couperus. Lion of the season. Raamsdonk, De Roofpers, 1982
External links
edit- Photograph of Lord Reay at the National Portrait Gallery
- Papers of Lord Reay from his time as Governor of Bombay [Mumbai] are held at https://www.soas.ac.uk/library/archives/collections/a-z/r/.