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Allsvenskan

This article is about the top men's football league in Sweden. For the top women's football league in Sweden, see Damallsvenskan.
This article is about the Swedish football league. For other uses, see Allsvenskan (disambiguation).

Allsvenskan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈâlːˌsvɛnːskan]; lit. 'All-Swedish', also known as Fotbollsallsvenskan [ˈfûːtbɔlsˌalːsvɛnskan], lit. 'Football All-Swedish') is a Swedish professional league for men's association football clubs. It was founded in 1924 and is the top tier of the Swedish football league system, operating on a system of promotion and relegation with Superettan. Seasons run from late March or early April to the beginning of November, with the 16 clubs all meeting each other twice, resulting in a 30-match season, for a total of 240 matches league-wide.

Allsvenskan
Anniversary logo for the 100th season of Allsvenskan used during 2024
Founded13 January 1924; 100 years ago (1924-01-13)
CountrySweden Sweden
ConfederationUEFA
Number of teams16
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toSuperettan
Domestic cup(s)Svenska Cupen
International cup(s)UEFA Champions League
UEFA Europa League
UEFA Conference League
Current championsMalmö FF (27th title)
(2024)
Most championshipsMalmö FF (27 titles)
Most appearancesSven Andersson (431)
Top goalscorerSven Jonasson (254 goals)
TV partners
Websiteallsvenskan.se (in Swedish)
Current: 2024 Allsvenskan

Allsvenskan is ranked 23rd in the UEFA coefficients of leagues based on performances in European competitions over the last five years. Allsvenskan is currently ranked third highest of the leagues in Scandinavia after Norway and Denmark. The current champions are Malmö FF, who won the title in the 2024 season.

The three teams with most Swedish championships are Malmö FF (24), IFK Göteborg (18) and IFK Norrköping (13).

Including the 2024 season, Allsvenskan has been running for an unbroken streak of 100 seasons. Unlike other European football leagues, the Allsvenskan did not experience an interruption in play during World War II due to Swedish neutrality.

History

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Sune Sandbring, Malmö FF in a game with Frank Jacobsson, GAIS in 1953.

Allsvenskan started in the 1924–25 Allsvenskan season and the first winner was GAIS. The one-league twelve team Allsvenskan replaced the Svenska Serien, consisting of a southern and northern group that was held before. In 1931, the league started to decide the Swedish football champions.

In the early years, Norrland and Gotland teams were not allowed to play on higher levels in the league system, which was gradually changed to include the Norrland and Gotland teams on higher levels.

For the 1959 Allsvenskan, the season start was changed from autumn to spring to be played in one calendar year. In 1973, it was expanded to contain 14 teams. In the 1970s, Malmö FF, under the lead of Spanish Antonio Durán and later English Bob Houghton, won five Allsvenskan and managed to proceed to the 1979 European Cup Final, which they lost to Nottingham Forest.

From the 1982 season, the league introduced a play-off to determine the Swedish football champions. In the late 1980s, Malmö FF were dominant, winning the league five times in a row, but only two Swedish championships. The 1990 season saw the introduction of three points per win. The play-off season years were followed by two years of continuation league, named Mästerskapsserien.

The 1993 season saw a return to the classical format, again with 14 teams. IFK Göteborg won five Allsvenskan league titles in the 1990s.

In the early 2000s, Djurgårdens IF won three titles (2002, 2003 and 2005). In 2004, Örebro SK lost its place in the league due to financial problems, and Assyriska FF got their place. Since 2008, the league consists of 16 teams.

Status

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Logo used from 2008 until 2018.

The champions are considered Swedish champions and gold medal winners. The runners-up are awarded the Large Silver medal, the third positioned team are awarded the Small Silver medal and the team positioned in fourth place are awarded the Bronze medal.

There have been seasons with exceptions when the winners of Allsvenskan wasn't considered Swedish champions as well. Allsvenskan winners between 1924 and 1930 were crowned league champions and awarded gold medals, the title of Swedish champions was awarded to the winner of Svenska Mästerskapet up until 1925 and then not at all until 1930. The years 1982 through 1990 are also exceptions, the title was instead decided through play-offs during these years. The same was true for the years 1991 and 1992 when the title was decided through a continuation league called Mästerskapsserien. Historically, however, there is a big difference between the Allsvenskan winners before 1931 compared to the period between 1982 and 1992. As winning Allsvenskan in its earlier seasons was the optimal aim for the clubs, while as during the era of play-offs and Mästerskapsserien, the optimal goal wasn't to win Allsvenskan, but the play-offs or Mästerskapsserien.

Competition format

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Since 2008 there are 16 clubs in Allsvenskan. During the course of a season (starting in late March and ending in early November) each club plays the others twice (home and away) for a total of 30 games. The two lowest placed teams at the end of the season are relegated to Superettan and the top two teams from Superettan are promoted in their place. The third lowest team in Allsvenskan plays a relegation/promotion play-off against the third placed team in Superettan.

The winners of Allsvenskan qualify for the UEFA Champions League, the runner-up together with the third placed team in the table qualify for the UEFA Europa League as well as the team who wins the Svenska Cupen. In case the winner of the Cup has already qualified to Champions League or Europa League, the third Europa League spot is given to the team that finishes fourth in Allsvenskan.

Changes in competition format

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Lennart Johanssons Pokal
From To Teams Match-weeks Season Start Season End Play-offs
1924–25 1956–57 12 22 Autumn Spring —
1957–58 33 Next autumn —
1959 1972 22 Spring Autumn —
1973 1981 14 26 —
1982 1983 12 22 Play-offs with eight teams
1984 1990 Play-offs with four teams
1991 1992 10 18 Summer League with six teams
1993 2007 14 26 Autumn —
2008 Present 16 30 —

The decider at equal number of points was goal ratio until the 1940–41 season, thereafter goal difference.

Awards

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Trophy

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The current trophy awarded to the Swedish champions is the Lennart Johanssons Pokal. Created in 2001, the trophy is named after former UEFA chairman, Lennart Johansson. A different trophy that was named after Clarence von Rosen, the first chairman of the Swedish Football Association, had previously been used between 1903 and 2000, but was replaced after journalists reported that von Rosen had personal connections to the later infamous Nazi leader Hermann Göring during the time he lived in Sweden (soon after World War One).[1] The former President of the Swedish Football Association, Lars-Åke Lagrell stated that the reason for the change of trophy was not a personal attack against Von Rosen but rather that the Football Association did not want to be linked to Nazism and constantly engage in discussions regarding this every time the trophy was awarded.[1]

Player and manager awards

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In addition to the winner's trophy and the individual winner's medals awarded to players, Allsvenskan also awards the most valuable player, goalkeeper of the year, defender of the year, midfielder of the year, forward of the year, newcomer of the year and manager of year at Allsvenskans stora pris together with C More and Magasinet Offside.[2] Also, the Allsvenskan top scorer is awarded.

Television

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Sweden

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The Swiss corporation Kentaro has owned the TV rights for Allsvenskan since 2006.[3] Through licence agreements with the media company TV4 Group matches are aired through C More Entertainment who broadcasts them on their C More Sport and C More Live channels, until 2019. Matches can also be bought through the online pay-per-view service C SPORTS.[4]

On 24 March 2017, Discovery-owned channel Eurosport and OTT streaming service dPlay will be the new domestic broadcaster for both SEF competitions (Allsvenskan and Superettan) effectively from 2020 until 2025, as well as selected European countries (exc. Italy) for Allsvenskan.[5] In May 2024 Discovery+ was rebranded as Max which is the service that currently broadcasts Allsvenskan.[6]

International

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Beginning in 2018, Allsvenskan matches were previously broadcast in the UK on Premier Sports and FreeSports.[7] In October 2018, ESPN picked up the rights to broadcast one Allsvenskan match per week in the United States.[8] Allsvenskan matches have also been broadcast in several countries, such as DAZN in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, Sport Klub in Balkan countries,[9] Nova sports in Cyprus and Greece, TV2 in Norway[10] and 4th Sports in Iraq[11]

Current broadcast rights

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Region Broadcaster
  Sweden Max
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Sport Klub
  Croatia
  Montenegro
  North Macedonia
  Serbia
  Slovenia
  Finland Eurosport
  France
  Greece
  Romania
  Spain
  Hong Kong TVB
  Iceland NENT
  Iraq 4th Sports
  Italy Sportitalia
  United Kingdom LiveScore

Clubs

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Location of teams in 2024 Allsvenskan

A total of 67 clubs have played in Allsvenskan from its inception in 1924 up to and including the 2023 season. No club has been a member of the league for every season since its inception. AIK is the club that has participated in the most seasons, with a record of 96 out of 100 seasons in total. Malmö FF has the record for most consecutive seasons: 63 between 1936–37 and 1999. IFK Göteborg is currently the club with the longest running streak, starting their 48th season in 2024.

The following 16 clubs are competing in Allsvenskan during the 2024 season:

Club
 Position
in 2023 		First season Number of seasons First season of
current spell 		Titles Last title
AIK 11th 1924–25 96 2006 6 2018
BK Häcken 3rd 1983 24 2009 1 2022
Djurgårdens IF 4th 1927–28 69 2001 8 2019
GAIS 2nd in Superettan 1924–25 55 2024 4 1953–54
Halmstads BK 12th 1933 57 2023 4 2000
Hammarby IF 7th 1924–25 56 2015 1 2001
IF Brommapojkarna 14th 2007 8 2023 0 —
IF Elfsborg 2nd 1926–27 81 1997 6 2012
IFK Göteborg 13th 1924–25 92 1977 13 2007
IFK Norrköping 9th 1924–25 84 2011 13 2015
IFK Värnamo 5th 2022 3 2022 0 —
IK Sirius 8th 1969 11 2017 0 —
Kalmar FF 6th 1949–50 37 2004 1 2008
Malmö FF 1st 1931–32 89 2001 26 2023
Mjällby AIF 10th 1980 13 2020 0 —
Västerås SK 1st in Superettan 1955–56 5 2024 0 —

Stadiums and locations

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Main article: List of Allsvenskan stadiums
 
Strawberry Arena in Solna.
 
Tele2 Arena in Stockholm.
 
Stadion in Malmö.
Team Location Stadium Turf Stadium capacity
AIK Solna Strawberry Arena Natural 50,000
BK Häcken Gothenburg Bravida Arena Artificial 6,316
Djurgårdens IF Stockholm Tele2 Arena Artificial 30,000
GAIS Gothenburg Gamla Ullevi Natural 18,454
Halmstads BK Halmstad Örjans Vall Natural 10,873
Hammarby IF Stockholm Tele2 Arena Artificial 30,000
IF Brommapojkarna Stockholm Grimsta IP Artificial 5,000
IF Elfsborg Borås Borås Arena Artificial 16,200
IFK Göteborg Gothenburg Gamla Ullevi Natural 18,454
IFK Norrköping Norrköping Nya Parken[note 1] Artificial 16,000
IFK Värnamo Värnamo Finnvedsvallen Natural 5,000
IK Sirius Uppsala Studenternas IP Artificial 10,522
Kalmar FF Kalmar Guldfågeln Arena Natural 12,182
Malmö FF Malmö Stadion[note 2] Natural 22,500
Mjällby AIF Hällevik Strandvallen Natural 7,500
Västerås SK Västerås Hitachi Energy Arena Artificial 7,044
  1. ^ Known as Platinumcars Arena for sponsorship reasons.
  2. ^ Known as Eleda Stadion for sponsorship reasons.

Managers

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The current managers in Allsvenskan are:

Name Club Appointed
  Mikkjal Thomassen
 AIK 16 July 2024
  Joop Oosterveld
(interim)		 BK Häcken 23 September 2024
  Roberth Björknesjö
(interim)		 Djurgårdens IF 22 October 2024
  Fredrik Holmberg GAIS 9 November 2021
  Johan Lindholm
(interim)		 Halmstads BK 27 August 2024
  Kim Hellberg Hammarby IF 14 December 2023
  Andreas Engelmark
Olof Mellberg		 IF Brommapojkarna 5 December 2022
  Oscar Hiljemark IF Elfsborg 3 June 2024
  Stefan Billborn IFK Göteborg 25 June 2024
  Andreas Alm IFK Norrköping 29 December 2023
  Ferran Sibila IFK Värnamo 23 August 2024
  Christer Mattiasson IK Sirius 5 December 2022
  Stefan Larsson
(interim)		 Kalmar FF 20 June 2024
  Henrik Rydström Malmö FF 17 November 2022
  Anders Torstensson Mjällby AIF 14 November 2022
  Kalle Karlsson Västerås SK 2 August 2021

Players

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See also: List of Allsvenskan players
Rank Player Apps Goals
1   Sven Andersson 431 0
  Andreas Johansson 431 20
3   Thomas Ravelli 416 0
4   Daniel Tjernström 411 24
5   Sven Jonasson 410 254

Appearances

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Sven Andersson and Andreas Johansson shares the record for most appearances in Allsvenskan with 431 appearances for Örgryte IS and Helsingborgs IF for Andersson and Halmstads BK and IFK Norrköping for Johansson. Sven Jonasson has the record for most matches in a row with 332 matches for IF Elfsborg between 11 September 1927 and 1 November 1942.

Foreign players

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See also: List of foreign Allsvenskan players

Until 1974, foreign players were banned from playing in Allsvenskan, however not on all levels of football in Sweden.[12] In the first season of allowance, on 13 April 1974, English Ronald Powell in Brynäs IF became the first foreign player in Allsvenskan[12] In 1977, Tunisian Melke Amri became the first non-European player. In 1978, Icelandic Teitur Þórðarson in Östers IF became the first foreign player to win the Allsvenskan[13]

Rank Player Apps Goals
1   Sven Jonasson 410 254
2   Carl-Erik Holmberg 260 194
3   Filip Johansson 181 180
4   Harry Lundahl 176 179
5   Harry Bild 288 162
  Bertil Johansson 267 162

Top scorers

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Sven Jonasson has scored the most goals in Allsvenskan history, with 254 goals in 410 appearances. Gunnar Nordahl has become the top scorer most times, with four wins.

Previous winners

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Note that this list does not necessarily equate to the Swedish champions, as a play-off format was used in the 1980s. For a comprehensive list of Swedish football champions, see: List of Swedish football champions

Key
0000000000 Season when the league didn't decide the Swedish champions
0000000000 Season when Swedish champions wasn't awarded at all

Performances

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Medal table

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Historically the players and coaching staff from the four best teams in Allsvenskan are awarded medals at the end of each season. The champions are awarded the gold medal while the runners-up receive the "big silver" medal. The third place team gets the "small silver" medal instead of the more commonly used bronze medal which is instead awarded to the fourth-place finisher. This tradition of awarding four medals and not three is thought to have to do with the fact that the losers of the Semi-finals of Svenska Mästerskapet were both given bronze medals since no bronze match was played.[14]

The overall medal rank is displayed below after points in descending order. 5 points are awarded for a "gold" medal, 3 points for a "big silver" medal, 2 points for a "small silver" medal and 1 point for a bronze medal. The table that follows is accurate as of the end of the 2024 season.[14][15][16]

Rank Club Gold   Big Silver   Small Silver   Bronze   Points
1 Malmö FF 27 15 10 8 208
2 IFK Göteborg 13 13 16 10 146
3 IFK Norrköping 13 10 5 8 113
4 AIK 6 15 13 8 109
5 Helsingborgs IF 7 8 8 10 85
6 Djurgårdens IF 8 4 11 6 80
7 IF Elfsborg 6 8 6 9 75
8 GAIS 4 4 4 4 44
9 Östers IF 4 3 3 3 38
10 Örgryte IS 2 2 6 6 34
11 Halmstads BK 4 2 2 2 32
12 Hammarby IF 1 3 4 3 25
13 Kalmar FF 1 2 2 4 19
14 Åtvidabergs FF 2 2 - 1 17
15 Örebro SK - 2 2 4 14
16 BK Häcken 1 1 2 1 13
17 Degerfors IF - 2 2 2 12
18 IK Sleipner 1 1 1 1 11
19 Landskrona BoIS - - 1 3 5
Sandvikens IF - - 1 3 5
21 IFK Malmö - 1 - - 3
Jönköpings Södra IF - 1 - - 3
Råå IF - 1 - - 3
24 Trelleborgs FF - - 1 1 3
25 IK Brage - - - 3 3

Honoured clubs

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Clubs in European football are commonly honoured for winning multiple league titles and a representative golden star is sometimes placed above the club badge to indicate the club having won 10 league titles. In Sweden the star instead symbolizes 10 Swedish championship titles for the majority of the clubs as the league winner has not always been awarded the title of Swedish champions.[a] Stars for Allsvenskan clubs was not common practise until 2006, although AIK had already introduced a star to their kit in 2000. IFK Göteborg, Malmö FF, IFK Norrköping, Örgryte IS and Djurgårdens IF were the first teams after AIK to introduce their stars. No new club has introduced a star since 2006, the clubs closest to their first are IF Elfsborg with 6 Swedish championship titles and Helsingborgs IF with 7 Allsvenskan titles depending on what the star symbolizes. The following table is ordered after number of stars followed by number of Swedish championship titles and then the number of Allsvenskan titles.

Statistics updated as of the end of the 2024 season
Club Swedish championship titles Allsvenskan titles Stars Introduced
Malmö FF 24 27    2006
IFK Göteborg 18 13   2006
IFK Norrköping 13 13   2006
AIK 12 6   2000
Djurgårdens IF 12 8   2006
Örgryte IS 12 2   2006

Cities

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Locations of the cities that have won the league
Town or city League wins Clubs
Malmö
27
 Malmö FF (27)
Gothenburg
20
 IFK Göteborg (13), GAIS (4), Örgryte IS (2), BK Häcken (1)
Stockholm
15
 Djurgårdens IF (8), AIK (6), Hammarby IF (1)
Norrköping
14
 IFK Norrköping (13), IK Sleipner (1)
Helsingborg
7
 Helsingborgs IF (7)
Borås
6
 IF Elfsborg (6)
Halmstad
4
 Halmstads BK (4)
Växjö
4
 Östers IF (4)
Åtvidaberg
2
 Åtvidabergs FF (2)
Kalmar
1
 Kalmar FF (1)

All-time Allsvenskan table

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The all-time Allsvenskan table, "maratontabellen" in Swedish, is a cumulative record of all match results, points, and goals of every team that has played in Allsvenskan since its inception in 1924–25. It uses three points for a win even though this system was not introduced until the 1990 season. The matches played in the championship play-offs between 1982 and 1990 or the matches played in Mästerskapsserien in 1991 and 1992 are not included. The table that follows is accurate as of the end of the 2023 season.[18]

Malmö FF are the current leaders, having had the lead since the end of the 2012 season when they overtook the lead from IFK Göteborg. IFK Göteborg are the club to have spent most seasons in the top spot with 48 seasons as leaders with a record of the most consecutive seasons as leaders with 35 seasons between 1938 and 1972. Six clubs have been in the lead, the lead having changed among them ten times since 1925. The former leader with the lowest current ranking in the table is GAIS, currently placing 12th and 2120 points short of Malmö FF.

A total of 67 clubs have played at least one season at Allsvenskan up to and including 2023 season.

Statistics

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UEFA coefficients

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See also: UEFA coefficient

The following data indicates Swedish coefficient rankings between European football leagues.[19]

Attendance

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Last five seasons average attendance
Year Spectators per match
2016
9,127
2017
9,215
2018
8,423
2019
9,166
2020
N/A
2021
N/A
2022
9,958

The record for highest average home attendance for a club was set by Hammarby in 2022 (26,372 over 15 home matches). Most other attendance records for Allsvenskan were set in the 1959 season, coinciding with the first season that the league switched from an autumn–spring format to a spring–autumn format. 1959 saw records for highest attendance at a match (52,194 at an Örgryte win over IFK Göteborg at Ullevi), second highest average home attendance for a club (25,490 for Örgryte's 11 home matches), and the highest ever average attendance for Allsvenskan as a whole (13,369).

In the past, AIK had the league's highest attendance for the season more often than any other club, followed by IFK Göteborg and Örgryte. However, for the past two decades, Hammarby has dominated the attendance figures helped by a move to the larger Tele2 Arena from the much smaller Söderstadion. Other teams that have for at least one season had the best attendance in the league include Helsingborg, Malmö FF, Djurgården, GAIS, Örebro SK and Öster.

Referees

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Mohammed Al-Hakim

As of the 2014 season Allsvenskan has 12 referees that are categorized as Allsvenskan referees, seven of which are fully certified international FIFA referees.[22][23] Apart from these, female FIFA referee Tess Olofsson also occasionally officiates games in Allsvenskan as the only woman to ever having done so.

List

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Note: FIFA referees are in bold

Allsvenskan in international competition

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Malmö FF were runners up in the 1978–79 European Cup, after a 1–0 defeat against Nottingham Forest.[24] IFK Göteborg won the UEFA Cup twice, in 1981–82 (defeating Hamburger SV in the finals)[25] and 1986–87 (defeating Dundee United in the finals).[26] IFK Göteborg also reached the semi-finals of the European Cup in 1985–86. They won 3–0 against FC Barcelona, and lost 0–3 at Camp Nou, Barcelona won on penalty shootout.[27]

The following teams have participated in UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League or UEFA Europa Conference League group stages:

Club UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League UEFA Conference League
IFK Göteborg 1992–93 (SF)
1994–95 (QF)
1996–97 (GS)
1997–98 (GS) 		—
Malmö FF 2014–15 (GS)
2015–16 (GS)
2021–22 (GS) 		2011–12 (GS)
2018–19 (R32)
2019–20 (R32)
2022–23 (GS)
2024–25
Helsingborgs IF 2000–01 (GS) 2007–08 (R32)
2012–13 (GS)
AIK 1999–2000 (GS) 2012–13 (GS)
IF Elfsborg — 2007–08 (GS)
2013–14 (GS)
2024–25
BK Häcken — 2023–24 (GS)
Halmstads BK — 2005–06 (GS)
Östersunds FK — 2017–18 (R32)
Djurgårdens IF Fotboll — — 2022–23 (R16)
2024–25

See also

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ The title of "Swedish Champions" has been awarded to the winner of four different competitions over the years. Between 1896 and 1925 the title was awarded to the winner of Svenska Mästerskapet, a stand-alone cup tournament. No club were given the title between 1926 and 1930 even though the first-tier league Allsvenskan was played. In 1931 the title was reinstated and awarded to the winner of Allsvenskan. Between 1982 and 1990 a play-off in cup format was held at the end of the league season to decide the champions. After the play-off format in 1991 and 1992 the title was decided by the winner of Mästerskapsserien, an additional league after the end of Allsvenskan. Since the 1993 season the title has once again been awarded to the winner of Allsvenskan.[17]
  2. ^ Hammarby IF were deducted three points in 2006.
  3. ^ Ljungskile SK were known as Panos Ljungskile SK during the season of 1997.

References

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  1. ^ a b Thorén, Petra. "SM-pokalen ska skrotas". aftonbladet.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 2011-01-03.
  2. ^ "Allsvenskans stora pris 2013". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  3. ^ "Tar kameran – med våld" (in Swedish). 2008-04-26. Retrieved 2008-05-06.
  4. ^ "Nytt tv-avtal för allsvenskan". svenskfotboll.se (in Swedish). The Swedish Football Association. 22 March 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  5. ^ "Swedish Allsvenskan on Eurosport from 2020". SEF (in Swedish). 2017-03-24. Retrieved 2020-02-09.
  6. ^ "discovery+ blir Max" [discovery+ becomes Max]. SEF (in Swedish). 2024-05-21. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  7. ^ "Eleven adds CSL, Eredivisie and Allsvenskan rights to new UK service - SportsPro Media". www.sportspromedia.com. 19 July 2018. Retrieved 2 Apr 2019.
  8. ^ "ESPN+ and ESPN Acquire Rights to Coppa Italia and Supercoppa Italiana". 2 Oct 2018. Retrieved 2 Apr 2019.
  9. ^ "Live TV Guide". sport-tv-guide.live. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  10. ^ "TV 2 Sumo". sumo.tv2.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  11. ^ "Allsvenskan confirms deal with PRO Company with mission to expand audiences in Middle-East". svenskelitfotboll.se. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  12. ^ a b "Importsvenskan". Aftonbladet. 21 July 2006.
  13. ^ "Allsvenskan i Fotboll 1978". Fotbollsweden.se. Retrieved 2016-03-19.
  14. ^ a b "Guld, stort silver, litet silver och brons?". svenskfotboll.se. The Swedish Football Association. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  15. ^ "Helsingborgs IF – ALLSVENSKAN 1937/38". hif.se. Archived from the original on 2015-02-27. Retrieved 2014-03-10.
  16. ^ "AIK Statistikdatabas (Herrar)". aik.se.
  17. ^ "Svenska mästare 1896–1925, 1931–" [Swedish champions 1896–1925, 1931–]. svenskfotboll.se (in Swedish). The Swedish Football Association. Archived from the original on 2 December 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  18. ^ Lindahl, Jimmy. "Allsvenska maratontabellen 1924/25-2021". Swedish Football Association. Retrieved 2019-11-10.
  19. ^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2021". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  20. ^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2021 – kassiesA – Xs4all".
  21. ^ "Club coefficients". Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  22. ^ "Klart: Tre nya domare i allsvenskan 2024 - Pandzić slutar" [Confirmed - Three new referees in Allsvenskan for 2024 - Pandzić quits]. fotbollskanalen.se. 2023-12-18. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  23. ^ "Våra elitdomare" [Our elite referees]. svenskfotboll.se. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  24. ^ "UEFA Champions League 1978/79 - History - All matches". UEFA.com.
  25. ^ "UEFA Europa League 1981/82 - History - All matches". UEFA.com.
  26. ^ "UEFA Europa League 1986/87 - History - All matches". UEFA.com.
  27. ^ "UEFA Champions League 1985/86 - History - All matches". UEFA.com.
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