The 49th New Zealand Parliament was elected at the 2008 election. It comprised 122 members, including an overhang of two seats (an increase of one from the 48th Parliament) caused by the Māori Party having won two more electorate seats than its share of the party vote would otherwise have given it. The Parliament served from December 2008 until the November 2011 election.
| 49th Parliament of New Zealand | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
 | |||||
| Overview | |||||
| Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||
| Term | 8 December 2008 – 20 October 2011 | ||||
| Election | 2008 New Zealand general election | ||||
| Government | Fifth National Government | ||||
| House of Representatives | |||||
 | |||||
| Members | 122 | ||||
| Speaker of the House | Lockwood Smith | ||||
| Leader of the House | Gerry Brownlee | ||||
| Prime Minister | John Key | ||||
| Leader of the Opposition | Phil Goff | ||||
| Sovereign | |||||
| Monarch | Elizabeth II | ||||
| Governor-General | Anand Satyanand | ||||
New Zealand uses the mixed-member proportional (MMP) system to elect its parliaments. Seventy of the members of the 49th Parliament represented geographical electorates: sixteen in the South Island, 47 in the North Island (one more than for the 48th Parliament) and seven Māori electorates. The remaining 52 (increased from fifty by the overhang) were elected from nationwide party vote candidate lists to realise proportionality.
There were 10 resignations leading to Electoral Commission replacement selections for new list candidates from four parliamentary parties. Lockwood Smith was the Speaker in the 49th Parliament.
Electorate boundaries for 49th Parliament
editThe Representation Commission altered many of the boundaries of New Zealand's parliamentary electorates following the 2006 census; the large growth in population between censuses lead to significant boundary changes, particularly in Auckland, the area around Christchurch and the central North Island. In May 2007, the Representation Commission announced the boundary changes[1] to take effect for the next general election, with the boundaries finalised in September 2007.
The Commission announced the formation of a new electorate in Greater Auckland, bringing the number of geographical constituencies to 70. The new electorate, originally dubbed "Howick" (after the Auckland suburb), would have included parts of the existing Pakuranga, Manukau East and Clevedon electorates.[1] After Pakuranga electors strongly objected to the proposed changes (which would have seen the inclusion of the population centres Panmure, Point England and Glen Innes into the electorate) the Commission largely reverted proposed changes to the boundaries of the Pakuranga electorate. The Commission opted to alleviate population pressures by moving the Auckland City suburb of Otahuhu into Manukau East. The revised new electorate received the name Botany to reflect its focus on the growing population-centres of Botany Downs–Dannemora. On paper, Botany counts as a safe National seat.
Even though the number of South Island electorates remains fixed, the decline in the population of electorates south of Christchurch resulted in the boundaries of electorates from Invercargill north to Rakaia shifting northwards. The electorates of Aoraki, Otago, Rakaia and Banks Peninsula all gravitated towards Christchurch. In the process:
- Aoraki received the new name of Rangitata
- Otago received the new name of Waitaki
- Rakaia received the new name of Selwyn
- Banks Peninsula received the new name of Port Hills
Other electorates in the lower South Island increased substantially in size.
2008 election results
editThe figures below are based on official results[2] A decrease of 7 MPs is shown for "Other Parties" because the New Zealand First party of Winston Peters did not win an electorate seat or 5% of the party vote, and hence was not allocated any seats in the new Parliament.
| |||||||||||
| Party | Party vote | Electorate vote | Seats | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Change (pp) |
Votes | % | Change (pp) |
List | Electorate | Total | +/- | ||
| National | 1,053,398 | 44.93 |  5.83
|
1,072,024 | 46.60 | 6.22
|
17 | 41 | 58 | 10
| |
| Labour | 796,880 | 33.99 |  7.11
|
810,238 | 35.22 | 5.13
|
22 | 21 | 43 | 7
| |
| Green | 157,613 | 6.72 | 1.42
|
129,584 | 5.63 | 1.51
|
9 | 0 | 9 | 3
| |
| ACT | 85,496 | 3.65 | 2.14
|
68,852 | 2.99 | 1.02
|
4 | 1 | 5 | 3
| |
| Māori Party | 55,980 | 2.39 | 0.27
|
76,836 | 3.34 | 0.02
|
0 | 5 | 5 | 1
| |
| Progressive | 21,241 | 0.91 | 0.25
|
25,981 | 1.13 | 0.51
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 
| |
| United Future | 20,497 | 0.87 | 1.80
|
25,955 | 1.13 | 1.71
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 2
| |
| NZ First | 95,356 | 4.07 | 1.65
|
38,813 | 1.69 | 1.80
|
0 | 0 | 0 | 7
| |
| Bill and Ben | 13,016 | 0.56 | new | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | new | |
| Kiwi | 12,755 | 0.54 | new | 15,528 | 0.68 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new | |
| Legalise Cannabis | 9,515 | 0.41 | 0.16
|
3,884 | 0.17 | 0.05
|
0 | 0 |
| ||
| Pacific | 8,640 | 0.37 | new | 9,714 | 0.42 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new | |
| Family Party | 8,176 | 0.35 | new | 9,214 | 0.40 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new | |
| Alliance | 1,909 | 0.08 | 0.01
|
1,885 | 0.08 | 0.01
|
0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
| Democrats | 1,208 | 0.05 |
|
1,758 | 0.08 | 0.05
|
0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
| Libertarianz | 1,176 | 0.05 | 0.01
|
1,739 | 0.08 | 0.05
|
0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
| Workers Party | 932 | 0.04 | new | 480 | 0.02 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new | |
| RAM | 465 | 0.02 | new | 1,213 | 0.05 | new | 0 | 0 | new | ||
| RONZ | 313 | 0.01 | new | 192 | 0.01 | new | 0 | 0 | new | ||
| Unregistered parties | — | — | — | 1,363 | 0.06 | 0.01
|
0 | 0 |
| ||
| Independent | — | — | — | 5,013 | 0.53 | 0.31
|
0 | – | 0 |
| |
| Valid votes | 2,344,566 | 98.66 | 0.11
|
2,300,266 | 96.79 | 0.2
|
|||||
| Informal vote | 11,970 | 0.50 | 0.04
|
25,332 | 1.07 | 0.01
|
|||||
| Disallowed votes | 19,944 | 0.84 | 0.07
|
50,882 | 2.14 | 0.26
|
|||||
| Below electoral threshold | 153,461 | 6.46 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Total | 2,376,480 | 100 | 2,376,480 | 100 | 52 | 70 | 122 | 1
| |||
| Eligible voters and Turnout | 2,990,759 | 79.46 | 1.46
|
2,990,759 | 79.46 | 1.46
|
|||||
Overview of seats
editThe table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 2008 election and at dissolution:[citation needed]
| Affiliation | Members | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| At 2008 election | At dissolution | ||
| National | 58 | 58 | |
| ACT CS | 5 | 5 | |
| Māori Party CS | 5 | 4 | |
| United Future CS | 1 | 1 | |
| Government total | 69 | 68 | |
| Labour | 43 | 42 | |
| Green | 9 | 9 | |
| Progressive | 1 | 1 | |
| Independent | 0 | 1 | |
| Mana | Not yet founded | 1 [1] | |
| Opposition total | 53 | 54 | |
| Total |
122 | 122 | |
| Working Government majority [2] | 16 | 15 | |
Notes
- ^CS ACT New Zealand, United Future and Māori Party supported the National minority government on a confidence and supply basis.
- 1 Hone Harawira resigned from the Māori Party after that party's disciplinary committee recommended his expulsion. He had been vocal in his opposition to the Māori Party's position on the foreshore and seabed issue.
- 2 The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.
Members of the 49th New Zealand Parliament
edit| Name | Electorate | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lockwood Smith | Rodney | 1984 – |
| |
| Lindsay Tisch | Waikato | 1999 – |
| |
| Eric Roy | Invercargill | 1993–2002; 2005 – |
| |
| Ministers in Cabinet | ||||
| John Key | Helensville | 2002 – |
| |
| Bill English | Clutha-Southland | 1990 – |
| |
| Gerry Brownlee | Ilam | 1996 – |
| |
| Simon Power | Rangitīkei | 1999 – |
| |
| Tony Ryall | Bay of Plenty | 1990 – |
| |
| Nick Smith | Nelson | 1990 – |
| |
| Judith Collins | Papakura | 2002 – |
| |
| Anne Tolley | East Coast | 1999–2002; 2005 – |
| |
| Chris Finlayson | 2005 – |
| ||
| David Carter | 1994 byelection – |
| ||
| Murray McCully | East Coast Bays | 1987 – |
| |
| Tim Groser | 2005 – |
| ||
| Wayne Mapp | North Shore | 1996 – |
| |
| Steven Joyce | 2008 – |
| ||
| Georgina te Heuheu | 1996 – |
| ||
| Paula Bennett | Waitakere | 2005 – |
| |
| Phil Heatley | Whangarei | 1999 – |
| |
| Jonathan Coleman | Northcote | 2005 – |
| |
| Kate Wilkinson | 2005 – |
| ||
| Hekia Parata | 2008 – |
| ||
| Maurice Williamson | Pakuranga | 1987 – |
| |
| Nathan Guy | Ōtaki | 2005 – |
| |
| Craig Foss | Tukituki | 2005 – |
| |
| Members of Parliament | ||||
| Chris Tremain | Napier | 2005 – |
| |
| Jo Goodhew | Rangitata | 2005 – |
| |
| Amy Adams | Selwyn | 2008 – |
| |
| Shane Ardern | Taranaki-King Country | 1998 byelection – |
| |
| Paul Hutchison | Hunua | 1999 – |
| |
| Tau Henare | 1993–1999; 2005 – |
| ||
| Sandra Goudie | Coromandel | 2002 – |
| |
| Chris Auchinvole | West Coast-Tasman | 2005 – |
| |
| David Bennett | Hamilton East | 2005 – |
| |
| Chester Borrows | Whanganui | 2005 – |
| |
| John Hayes | Wairarapa | 2005 – |
| |
| Katrina Shanks | 2007 – |
| ||
| Jackie Blue | 2005 – |
| ||
| Jacqui Dean | Waitaki | 2005 – |
| |
| Colin King | Kaikōura | 2005 – |
| |
| Nicky Wagner | 2005 – |
| ||
| Simon Bridges | Tauranga | 2008 – |
| |
| Peseta Sam Lotu-Iiga | Maungakiekie | 2008 – |
| |
| Todd McClay | Rotorua | 2008 – |
| |
| Nikki Kaye | Auckland Central | 2008 – |
| |
| Melissa Lee | 2008 – | |||
| Tim Macindoe | Hamilton West | 2008 – | ||
| Paul Quinn | 2008 – | |||
| Kanwal Singh Bakshi | 2008 – | |||
| Louise Upston | Taupō | 2008 – | ||
| Michael Woodhouse | 2008 – | |||
| Jonathan Young | New Plymouth | 2008 – | ||
| Aaron Gilmore | 2008 – | |||
| Cam Calder | June 2009– | |||
| Jami-Lee Ross | Botany | February 2011– | ||
| members of the National caucus who resigned, retired or died during the term of the 49th Parliament | ||||
| Richard Worth | 1999 – June 2009 (resigned) | succeeded by Cam Calder | ||
| Pansy Wong | Botany | 1996 – 2011 (resigned) | succeeded by Jami-Lee Ross | |
| John Carter | Northland | 1987 – June 2011 (resigned) | Became High Commissioner to Cook Islands | |
| Allan Peachey | Tāmaki | 2005 – 6 November 2011 (died) |
| |
| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phil Goff | Mount Roskill | 1981–1990; 1993 – |
| |
| Annette King | Rongotai | 1984–1990; 1993 – |
| |
| David Cunliffe | New Lynn | 1999 – |
| |
| Ruth Dyson | Port Hills | 1993 – |
| |
| Parekura Horomia | Ikaroa-Rāwhiti | 1999 – |
| |
| Clayton Cosgrove | Waimakariri | 1999 – |
| |
| Chris Carter | Te Atatu | 1993 – |
| |
| Maryan Street | 2005 – |
| ||
| Nanaia Mahuta | Hauraki-Waikato | 1996 – |
| |
| David Parker | 2002 – |
| ||
| Shane Jones | 2005 – |
| ||
| Trevor Mallard | Hutt South | 1984–1990; 1993 – |
| |
| Lianne Dalziel | Christchurch East | 1990 – |
| |
| Charles Chauvel | 2006 – |
| ||
| Pete Hodgson | Dunedin North | 1990 – |
| |
| Moana Mackey | 2003 – |
| ||
| Steve Chadwick | 1999 – |
| ||
| Sue Moroney | 2005 – |
| ||
| Rick Barker | 1993 – |
| ||
| Ross Robertson | Manukau East | 1987 – |
| |
| George Hawkins | Manurewa | 1990 – |
| |
| Damien O'Connor | 1993–2008; May 2009 - |
| ||
| Mita Ririnui | 1999 – |
| ||
| Lynne Pillay | 1999 – |
| ||
| Ashraf Choudhary | 2002 – |
| ||
| Darien Fenton | 2005 – |
| ||
| William Sio | Mangere | April 2008 – |
| |
| Jacinda Ardern | 2008 – |
| ||
| Carol Beaumont | 2008 – |
| ||
| Brendon Burns | Christchurch Central | 2008 – |
| |
| Clare Curran | Dunedin South | 2008 – |
| |
| Kelvin Davis | 2008 – |
| ||
| Chris Hipkins | Rimutaka | 2008 – |
| |
| Raymond Huo | 2008 – |
| ||
| Iain Lees-Galloway | Palmerston North | 2008 – |
| |
| Stuart Nash | 2008 – |
| ||
| Rajen Prasad | 2008 – |
| ||
| Grant Robertson | Wellington Central | 2008 – |
| |
| Carmel Sepuloni | 2008 – |
| ||
| Phil Twyford | 2008 – |
| ||
| David Shearer | Mount Albert | June 2009 – | ||
| Kris Faafoi | Mana | November 2010 – | ||
| Louisa Wall | April 2011 – | |||
| members of the Labour caucus who resigned or retired during the term of the 49th Parliament | ||||
| Helen Clark | Mount Albert | 1981 – 17 April 2009 |
resigned to become head of the United Nations Development Program; replaced by David Shearer | |
| Michael Cullen | 1981 – May 2009 | replaced by Damien O'Connor | ||
| Winnie Laban | Mana | 1999– October 2010 | replaced by Kris Faafoi | |
| Darren Hughes | 2002 – April 2011 | replaced by Louisa Wall | ||
| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metiria Turei | 2002 – |
| ||
| Russel Norman | 2008 – |
| ||
| Kennedy Graham | 2008 – |
| ||
| Sue Kedgley | 1999 – | |||
| Keith Locke | 1999 – | |||
| Catherine Delahunty | 2008 – | |||
| Kevin Hague | 2008 – | |||
| David Clendon | 2009 – | |||
| Gareth Hughes | 2010 – | |||
| members of the Greens caucus who retired during the term of the 49th Parliament | ||||
| Sue Bradford | 1999–2009 | |||
| Jeanette Fitzsimons | 1996–2010 |
| ||
ACT New Zealand (5)
edit| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rodney Hide | Epsom | 1996 – |
| |
| John Boscawen | 2008 – |
| ||
| Heather Roy | 2002 – | |||
| Roger Douglas | 1969–1990; 2008 – | |||
| Hilary Calvert | 2010 – |
| ||
| members of the ACT caucus who resigned or retired during the term of the 49th Parliament | ||||
| David Garrett | 2008–2010 | |||
Māori Party (4)
edit| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tariana Turia | Te Tai Hauāuru | 1996–2014 |
| |
| Pita Sharples | Tāmaki Makaurau | 2005–2011 |
| |
| Te Ururoa Flavell | Waiāriki | 2005–2017 |
| |
| Rahui Katene | Te Tai Tonga | 2008–2011 | ||
| members of the Māori Party caucus who resigned or retired during the term of the 49th Parliament | ||||
| Hone Harawira | Te Tai Tokerau | 2008–2011 | ||
| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter Dunne | Ōhariu | 1984–2017 |
|
| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jim Anderton | Wigram | 1984 – |
|
Mana Party (1)
edit| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hone Harawira | Te Tai Tokerau | 2011 – | *Note: Previously sat until 20 May 2011, resumed his seat on 2 August 2011 |
Independent (1)
edit| Name | Electorate | term in office | responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chris Carter | Te Atatū | 1993–1996; 1999 – |
|
By-elections during 49th Parliament
editThere were a number of changes during the term of the 49th Parliament.
| Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mount Albert | 2009 | 13 June | Helen Clark | Resignation; appointed to the UNDP | David Shearer | ||
| Mana | 2010 | 20 November | Winnie Laban | Resignation | Kris Faafoi | ||
| Botany | 2011 | 5 March | Pansy Wong | Resignation | Jami-Lee Ross | ||
| Te Tai Tokerau | 2011 | 25 June | Hone Harawira | Resignation; established the Mana Movement | Hone Harawira | ||
Summary of changes during term
edit- Helen Clark resigned in April 2009 to take up a position as Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme. The resulting Mount Albert by-election was won by David Shearer on 13 June 2009.
- Michael Cullen resigned in April 2009 to become the deputy chairman of New Zealand Post. He was replaced by the next person on the Labour Party's list, Damien O'Connor.
- Richard Worth resigned in June 2009. He was replaced by the next person on the National Party's list, Cam Calder.
- Sue Bradford resigned in October 2009. She was replaced by the next person on the Green Party's list, David Clendon.
- Jeanette Fitzsimons resigned in February 2010. She was replaced by the next person on the Green Party's list, Gareth Hughes.
- Chris Carter expelled from Labour Party caucus amidst expenses scandal in 2010 and, as of October 2010, was expelled from the Labour Party meaning his seat is one as solely an Independent MP.
- David Garrett resigned from the ACT caucus in September 2010 and resigned from Parliament shortly after being replaced by Hilary Calvert.
- Luamanuvao Winnie Laban resigned in October 2010 to become Assistant Vice-Chancellor (Pasifika) at Victoria University of Wellington. The resulting Mana by-election was won by Kris Faafoi.
- Pansy Wong resigned in January 2011 following questions and a Speaker's investigation into her use of Ministerial travel privileges. Her portfolios were transferred to Hekia Parata who was raised to Cabinet to replace her. The resulting Botany by-election was won by Jami-Lee Ross.
- Hone Harawira resigned from the Māori Party in February 2011 following a recommendation by the party's Disciplinary and Disputes Committee that the party's National Council expel him. He resigned from Parliament as an Independent MP effective 21 May causing a by-election in Te Tai Tokerau. Harawira announced his intention to run as a candidate for the Mana Party. On 6 July 2011 the results of the official count of votes found Harawira won by a majority of 1117.
- Darren Hughes announced his intention to resign in March 2011 following an alleged incident involving him. Louisa Wall became the replacement for Hughes from the List for the remainder of the 49th Parliament.
- John Carter announced his resignation from politics in June 2011 in favour of a High Commissioner's post in the Cook Islands; he was replaced as a Minister by Craig Foss. As he resigned within six months of a general election, a by-election does not need to be held in his Northland seat.
Seating plan
editAs on 5 May 2009
editThe chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[4]
End of term
editThe chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b The New Zealand Herald (3 May 2007). "Auckland to get an extra seat in Parliament". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- ^ 2008 GENERAL ELECTION – OFFICIAL RESULT
- ^ "2008 GENERAL ELECTION – OFFICIAL RESULTS AND STATISTICS". ElectionResults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. 21 October 2020. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ^ "Debating Chamber – New Zealand Parliament". www.parliament.nz. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ "Debating Chamber – New Zealand Parliament". www.parliament.nz. Retrieved 22 April 2011.