The Žilina Region (Slovak: Žilinský kraj; Polish: Kraj żyliński; Hungarian: Zsolnai kerület) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 11 districts (okresy) and 315 municipalities, from which 18 have a town status. The region was established in 1923, however, in its present borders exists from 1996. It is a more industrial region with several large towns. Žilina is the region administrative center and there is a strong cultural environment in Martin.
Žilina Region
Žilinský kraj | |
|---|---|
From the top to bottom-left; Sivý Vrch, Strečno Castle, Orava Castle, Žilina, Demänovská Cave of Liberty, Bytča, Čičmany, Tatras - Western Tatras | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of the Žilina Region in Slovakia | |
| Country |  Slovakia |
| Capital | Žilina |
| Government | |
| • Body | County Council of Žilina Region |
| • Governor | Erika Jurinová (OĽaNO) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,808.58 km2 (2,628.81 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 2,495 m (8,186 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 301 m (988 ft) |
| Population (2024) | |
| • Total | 687,174 |
| • Density | 100/km2 (260/sq mi) |
| GDP | |
| • Total | €8.901 billion (2016) |
| • Per capita | €12,889 (2016) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | SK-ZI |
| Website | www |
Geography
editIt is located in northern Slovakia and has an area of 6,804 km2 and a population of 688,851 (2011). The whole area is mountainous, belonging to the Western Carpathians. Some of the mountain ranges in the region include Javorníky, the Lesser Fatra and the Greater Fatra in the west, Oravská Magura, Chočské vrchy, Low Tatras and Western Tatras in the east. Whole area belongs to the Váh river basin. Some of its left tributaries are Turiec and Rajčanka rivers and its right tributaries Belá, Orava and Kysuca. National parks on the region's territory are the Lesser, Greater Fatra, Low Tatras and Tatra; landscape protected areas are Strážovské vrchy, Kysuce and Horná Orava. The region borders Prešov Region in the east, Banská Bystrica Region in the south, Trenčín Region in the south-west and west, Czech Zlín Region and Moravian-Silesian regions in the north-west and Polish Silesian and Lesser Poland voivodeships in the north and north-east.
History
editAfter the fall of Great Moravia in the early 9th century, the area became part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 11th century practically to 1920. Before the break it was part of the Hungarian counties of Trencsén, Turóc, Árva and Liptó. After incorporation into Czechoslovakia, the counties continued to exist under their Slovak names of Trenčín, Turiec, Orava and Liptov, but only to 1923, when they were replaced by (grand) counties ((veľ)župy) From 1928 it was part of the administrative unit "Slovak Land". During the WWII Slovak Republic, the area was split between Trenčín and Tatra counties. Since 1928 it was part of the administrative after reincorporation into Czechoslovakia in 1945, the pre-war state was restored. In 1949-1960 there was a unit with the name Žilina Region but it was abolished in 1960 and the area became part of new Central Slovak Region, of which it was part until 1990 (except 1969-70) when it was abolished. After the independence of Slovakia in 1993, the current region was established in 1996. Since the administrative regions became autonomous in 2002, it is governed by the Žilina Self-Governing Region.
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 570,624 | — |
| 1980 | 629,927 | +10.4% |
| 1991 | 668,771 | +6.2% |
| 2001 | 692,332 | +3.5% |
| 2011 | 688,851 | −0.5% |
| 2021 | 691,613 | +0.4% |
| Source: Censuses[2][3] | ||
The population density in the region is 101/km2 (260/sq mi) (2020-06-30/-07-01).[4] The largest towns are Žilina, Martin, Liptovský Mikuláš, Ružomberok, Čadca and Dolný Kubín . The level of urbanization is relatively low, with about 50% of the population living in the towns, with the Námestovo District having the lowest urbanization in the whole of Slovakia, only 15%. According to the 2001 census, there were 692,332 inhabitants in the region, almost wholly Slovaks (97.5%), with small minorities of Czechs (<1%) and Roma (<0.5%).[5]
Economy
editFrom the stagnation in the 1990s the region now enjoys relative prosperity. The main employers are industry and tourism. The river Váh valley, which runs across the entire region, forms a strong industrial base with wood pulp and engineering factories as well as Volkswagen and Kia plants in Žilina and Martin.[6]
Politics
editCurrent governor of Žilina region is Erika Jurinová (OĽaNO) - first woman in this office in Slovakia. She won with 32 %. In election 2022 was elected also regional parliament :
County Council of Žilina region | |
|---|---|
| | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Houses | County Council |
| Leadership | |
Governor | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 57 |
 | |
Political groups |
|
| Elections | |
Last election | 29 October 2022 |
| Meeting place | |
 Governor's office, Žilina | |
| Website | |
| Council of Žilina region region | |
| Political party | Seats won | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Independents | 25 / 57
|
43.9 % | |
| Centre-right coalition [d] | 17 / 57
|
29.8 % | |
| Smer-SD | 10 / 57
|
17.5 % | |
| SNS | 5 / 57
|
8.8 % | |
Parliamentary groups were formed after the elections. Their status in August 2022 is as follows :
| Political group | Seats | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Independents II | 14 / 57
|
— |
| SaS, OĽaNO | 9 / 57
|
Support |
| KDH | 9 / 57
|
— |
| Smer-SD | 6 / 57
|
— |
| Hlas-SD | 5 / 57
|
— |
| Independents I | 4 / 57
|
— |
| Independents III | 4 / 57
|
— |
| Non-Inscrits | 6 / 57
|
— |
Administrative divisions
editThe region is divided into 11 districts. There are 315 municipalities in the region of which 18 are towns.
Places of interest
edit- Žilina with Holy Trinity Cathedral, Church of Saint Stephen the King, Budatín Castle, etc.
- Bytča with Bytča Castle and Marriage palace
- Čičmany - village with special folk architecture
- Museum of the Slovak Village in Martin, Museum of the Kysuce village in Nová Bystrica, Museum of the Orava village in Zuberec and Museum of the Liptov village in Pribylina
- Wooden churches of the Slovak Carpathians - Wooden churches in Leštiny and Tvrdošín (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
- Orava Castle
- Vlkolínec near Ružomberok (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
- Towns in the Liptov region Ružomberok, Liptovský Mikuláš and Liptovský Hrádok
- Važecká Cave
- Tatra National Park - Western Tatras
- Low Tatras National Park
- Greater Fatra National Park
- Lesser Fatra National Park
- Horná Orava Protected Landscape Area
- Kysuce Protected Landscape Area
- Strážov Mountains Protected Landscape Area
Photo gallery
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Typical ornaments of Čičmany -
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Wooden church in Leštiny (UNESCO World Heritage Site) -
Wooden church in Tvrdošín (UNESCO World Heritage Site) -
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Roháčske tarns in Western Tatras -
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Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ Regions and Cities > Regional Statistics > Regional Economy > Regional GDP per Capita, OECD.Stats. Accessed on 16 November 2018.
- ^ "Statistical lexikon of municipalities 1970-2011" (PDF) (in Slovak).
- ^ "Census 2021 - Population - Basic results". Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2021-01-01.
- ^ "Statistic of Slovak places by Dušan Kreheľ – Export". Retrieved 2021-07-05.
- ^ "POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2001 - Tab. 3a". 29 November 2006. Archived from the original on 29 November 2006. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
- ^ "Online Casino: Ein traditionsreiches Freizeitvergnügen / Deutschlands" (PDF). slovakembassy-cd-london.co.uk. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
- Kopa, Ľudovít; et al. (2006). The Encyclopaedia of Slovakia and the Slovaks. Bratislava, Slovakia: Encyclopaedic Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences. ISBN 80-224-0925-1.
External links
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- Žilinský samosprávny kraj Official website