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Aluminum Alloying Effects on Lattice Types, Microstructures, and Mechanical Behavior of High-Entropy Alloys Systems

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Abstract

The crystal lattice type is one of the dominant factors for controlling the mechanical behavior of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). For example, the yield strength at room temperature varies from 300 MPa for the face-centered-cubic (fcc) structured alloys, such as the CoCrCuFeNiTi x system, to about 3,000 MPa for the body-centered-cubic (bcc) structured alloys, such as the AlCoCrFeNiTi x system. The values of Vickers hardness range from 100 to 900, depending on lattice types and microstructures. As in conventional alloys with one or two principal elements, the addition of minor alloying elements to HEAs can further alter their mechanical properties, such as strength, plasticity, hardness, etc. Excessive alloying may even result in the change of lattice types of HEAs. In this report, we first review alloying effects on lattice types and properties of HEAs in five Al-containing HEA systems: Al x CoCrCuFeNi, Al x CoCrFeNi, Al x CrFe1.5MnNi0.5, Al x CoCrFeNiTi, and Al x CrCuFeNi2. It is found that Al acts as a strong bcc stabilizer, and its addition enhances the strength of the alloy at the cost of reduced ductility. The origins of such effects are then qualitatively discussed from the viewpoints of lattice-strain energies and electronic bonds. Quantification of the interaction between Al and 3d transition metals in fcc, bcc, and intermetallic compounds is illustrated in the thermodynamic modeling using the CALculation of PHAse Diagram method.

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Acknowledgements

Zhi Tang, Tengfei Yang, Yanwen Zhang, and Takeshi Egami acknowledge the financial support from the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy’s Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP) grant 00119262, with Drs. R.O. Jensen, L. Tian, and S. Lesica as program managers. Michael C. Gao acknowledges support of the Innovative Processing and Technologies Program of the National Energy Technology Laboratory’s (NETL) Strategic Center for Coal under the RES contract DE-FE-0004000. Haoyan Diao and Peter K. Liaw would like to acknowledge the DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DE-FE-0008855), with Mr. V. Cedro as program manager. Yongqiang Cheng is supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE. Karin A. Dahmen and Peter K. Liaw thank the support from the project of DE-FE-0011194 with the program manager, Dr. S. Markovich.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Zhi Tang, Haoyan Diao, Tengfei Yang, Yanwen Zhang, Peter K. Liaw & Takeshi Egami

  2. National Energy Technology Laboratory, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Michael C. Gao

  3. URS Corporation, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Michael C. Gao

  4. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People’s Republic of China

    Tengfei Yang

  5. State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Junpeng Liu, Tingting Zuo, Yong Zhang & Zhaoping Lu

  6. Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA

    Yongqiang Cheng

  7. Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA

    Yanwen Zhang & Takeshi Egami

  8. Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Karin A. Dahmen

  9. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Takeshi Egami

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Tang, Z., Gao, M.C., Diao, H. et al. Aluminum Alloying Effects on Lattice Types, Microstructures, and Mechanical Behavior of High-Entropy Alloys Systems. JOM 65, 1848–1858 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0776-z

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