(A) Representative confocal images of GP left ventricular (LV) sections co-labeled for NaV1.5 (green; top) / β1 (green; bottom) along with N-cad (red). (B) Schematic diagrams, and representative confocal images of N-cad (red), and β1 (green) illustrate the plicate, and interplicate regions of the ID when viewed en face. The cartoon on the right summarizes the essential question addressed using STORM: Where within the ID are NaV1.5 and β1 localized? Representative STORM images showing x-y plane views of en face IDs labeled for: (C) Cx43 (green) and Nav1.5 (red), (D) N-cad (green) and NaV1.5 (red), (E) Cx43 (green) and β1 (red), (F) N-cad (green) and β1 (red). Individual fluorophore molecules localized were at 20 nm lateral resolution, but are represented as 50 nm spheres to enhance visibility in print. The inset in C is shown rotated by 90° along the z-axis, and illustrates a Cx43 cluster flanked on either side by a cluster of NaV1.5.