Study on In-Service Inspection of Nuclear Fuel Assembly Failure Using Ultrasonic Plate Wave
<p>(<b>a</b>) the phase velocity; (<b>b</b>) the group velocity.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>The diagram for avoiding influence of near-field region.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>The principle of inspection.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>The A-scan signal during scanning process.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>(<b>a</b>) The proposed processing method; (<b>b</b>) the principle of B-scan image.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>(<b>a</b>) The FA specimen; (<b>b</b>) the fabricated transducers; (<b>c</b>) the mechanical device and instrument; (<b>d</b>) the transducers are coupling with rods.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>(<b>a</b>) The wave propagation when the rod is in the center of the transducers; (<b>b</b>) the wave propagation when a part of the rod enters the transducer.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>(<b>a</b>) The sound field with normal fuel rod; (<b>b</b>) the sound field with failed fuel rod.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>(<b>a</b>) The signal when the rod is out of ultrasound range; (<b>b</b>) the signal of normal fuel rod when part of the rod is in ultrasound range; (<b>c</b>) the signal of failed fuel rod when part of the rod is in ultrasound range;(<b>d</b>) the signal when the rod is in the center of the T/R transducers.</p> "> Figure 9 Cont.
<p>(<b>a</b>) The signal when the rod is out of ultrasound range; (<b>b</b>) the signal of normal fuel rod when part of the rod is in ultrasound range; (<b>c</b>) the signal of failed fuel rod when part of the rod is in ultrasound range;(<b>d</b>) the signal when the rod is in the center of the T/R transducers.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>The B-scan image with sliding window.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Introduction of Ultrasonic Plate Wave
2.2. The Proposed Inspection Method
2.2.1. To Avoid the Influence of Near-Field Region
2.2.2. The Principle of Inspection
2.2.3. The proposed algorithm
3. Simulation and Experiments Setup
4. Results and Discussion
- (1)
- Calibrate the mechanical K value and set the reference gate.
- (2)
- The A-scan raw data are acquired from the instrument, as shown in Figure 9.
- (3)
- The sliding window is created based on the result of calibration.
- (4)
- The A-scan sequence is converted into a B-scan image, as shown in Figure 10.
- (5)
- Finally, according to Equation (19), the energy curve of the plate wave can be obtained by sliding the window on the B-scan image.
5. Conclusions and Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
FA | Fuel assembly |
NDT | Non-destructive testing |
VT | Visual testing |
EC | Eddy Current |
UT | Ultrasound testing |
PWR | Pressurized water reactor |
AFA 3G | Advanced fuel assembly 3 Generation |
ISI | In-service inspection |
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Frequency | Shape | Size | Near-Field Region | Distance | Remaining Near-Field Region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 MHz | circle | Φ6 | 9.6 mm | 23.89 mm | −14.29 mm |
Samples | Left Part | Right Part | Ground Truth | Proposed Method |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 4.3417 × 10³ | 4.5467 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
2 | 4.4861 × 10³ | 4.4369 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
3 | 3.1913 × 10³ | 3.5308 × 10³ | failed | failed |
4 | 3.3125 × 10³ | 3.4235 × 10³ | failed | failed |
5 | 3.2957 × 10³ | 3.4621 × 10³ | failed | failed |
6 | 4.1068 × 10³ | 4.4032 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
7 | 4.6394 × 10³ | 4.5393 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
8 | 4.2454 × 10³ | 4.3478 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
9 | 4.4921 × 10³ | 4.2879 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
10 | 4.5265 × 10³ | 4.4766 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
11 | 4.3577 × 10³ | 4.2398 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
12 | 4.5231 × 10³ | 4.3433 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
13 | 4.2463 × 10³ | 4.4513 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
14 | 4.4254 × 10³ | 4.6833 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
15 | 4.5286 × 10³ | 4.3724 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
16 | 4.2985 × 10³ | 4.1284 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
17 | 4.4943 × 10³ | 4.2652 × 10³ | non-failed | non-failed |
Method | Accurate | Liftoff |
---|---|---|
bulk wave | 93% | 1 mm |
plate wave | 100% | 0 mm |
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Xiao, X.; Zhou, G.Z.; Wang, K.Q.; Xi, F.; Zeng, K. Study on In-Service Inspection of Nuclear Fuel Assembly Failure Using Ultrasonic Plate Wave. Sensors 2022, 22, 7606. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197606
Xiao X, Zhou GZ, Wang KQ, Xi F, Zeng K. Study on In-Service Inspection of Nuclear Fuel Assembly Failure Using Ultrasonic Plate Wave. Sensors. 2022; 22(19):7606. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197606
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Xiang, Guo Zheng Zhou, Ke Qing Wang, Feng Xi, and Kun Zeng. 2022. "Study on In-Service Inspection of Nuclear Fuel Assembly Failure Using Ultrasonic Plate Wave" Sensors 22, no. 19: 7606. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197606