Experiment Study for Wrist-Wearable Electro-Tactile Display
<p>The schematic diagram of the electro-tactile display system.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Actual structure of the proposed electro-tactile display system.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>The wrist-wearable touch panel module. (<b>a</b>) Top view; (<b>b</b>) bottom view; (<b>c</b>) side view.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>The process of rendering the symbol “一”: (<b>a</b>) the sequential stimulating signal with single-electrode-in-active (SSS) mode; (<b>b</b>) the sequential stimulating signal with consecutive-electrode-in-active (SSC) mode.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Simple characters’ lattice models: (<b>a</b>) “二”; (<b>b</b>) “十”; (<b>c</b>) “↑”; (<b>d</b>) “←”; (<b>e</b>) “N”; (<b>f</b>) “I”; (<b>g</b>) “大”; (<b>h</b>) “↓”; (<b>i</b>) “T”.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>The lattice model of selected five English characters: (<b>a</b>) “H”; (<b>b</b>) “L”; (<b>c</b>) “F”; (<b>d</b>) “X”; (<b>e</b>) “T”.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. System Structure
3. Experiments
3.1. Optimal Parameters for the Simulating Signal for Electro-Tactile Rendering
3.1.1. Two Electro-Tactile Rendering Modes
3.1.2. Procedure
3.1.3. Result and Discussion
3.2. Character Recognition Experiments
3.2.1. Simple Chinese and English Characters Recognition
3.2.2. 26 English Characters’ Recognition
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SD = 0.25 s | SD = 0.20 s | SD = 0.15 s | SD = 0.10 s | SD = 0.05 s | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPD = 1.0 s | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.2 |
SPD = 0.8 s | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
SPD = 0.6 s | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
SD = 0.25 s | SD = 0.20 s | SD = 0.15 s | SD = 0.10 s | SD = 0.05 s | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPD = 1.0 s | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 3.4 |
SPD = 0.8 s | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.2 |
SPD = 0.6 s | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 |
Subject | “二” | “十” | “↑” | “←” | “N” | “I” |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 95% | 95% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
S2 | 100% | 100% | 90% | 95% | 95% | 95% |
S3 | 100% | 95% | 90% | 90% | 90% | 90% |
S4 | 100% | 95% | 95% | 90% | 95% | 95% |
S5 | 100% | 95% | 100% | 90% | 90% | 90% |
Average | 99.0% | 96.0% | 95.0% | 93.0% | 94.0% | 94.0% |
Subject | “H” | “L” | “F” | “X” | “T” |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 85% | 85% | 80% | 85% | 85% |
S2 | 90% | 85% | 80% | 90% | 90% |
S3 | 80% | 85% | 80% | 75% | 80% |
S4 | 80% | 80% | 75% | 80% | 85% |
S5 | 80% | 80% | 75% | 80% | 80% |
Average | 83.0% | 83.0% | 78.0% | 82.0% | 84.0% |
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Lu, X.; Lin, M.; Wang, S.; Hu, X.; Yin, H.; Yan, Y. Experiment Study for Wrist-Wearable Electro-Tactile Display. Sensors 2021, 21, 1332. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041332
Lu X, Lin M, Wang S, Hu X, Yin H, Yan Y. Experiment Study for Wrist-Wearable Electro-Tactile Display. Sensors. 2021; 21(4):1332. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041332
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Xiong, Minxu Lin, Shouchun Wang, Xusheng Hu, Hongbin Yin, and Yuxing Yan. 2021. "Experiment Study for Wrist-Wearable Electro-Tactile Display" Sensors 21, no. 4: 1332. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041332