Multirate Audio-Integrated Feedback Active Noise Control Systems Using Decimated-Band Adaptive Filters for Reducing Narrowband Noises †
<p>Conventional audio-integrated feedback active noise control (AFANC) system.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Conventional off-line modeling algorithm to estimate <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math>.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Proposed multirate audio-integrated feedback active noise control (AFANC) system using decimated-band adaptive filters (DAFs).</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Proposed off-line decimated-band modeling algorithm to estimate the decimated-band secondary-path <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math>.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Proposed off-line multirate transfer function modeling algorithm.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Active headrest system used for the experiments.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Magnitude response of lowpass filters.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>Comparison of <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> (black), <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>S</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> (dashed-red), <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>S</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mi>D</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> with lowpass filter length 48 (blue), and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>S</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mi>D</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> with lowpass filter length 192 (green): (<b>a</b>) magnitude response and (<b>b</b>) phase response.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>Magnitude response of the multirate transfer function (black line) compared to (<b>a</b>) <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>M</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> (blue line) with <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>48</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> and (<b>b</b>) <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>M</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics></math> (green line) with <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>16</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>192</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math>.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>Mean square error (MSE) learning curves from conventional systems with <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1500</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> (brown), <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2400</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> (red), and proposed systems with <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>48</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> (blue) and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>192</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> (green).</p> "> Figure 11
<p>Spectrum signal measured from error microphones when the active noise control (ANC) is off (black line), and active noise control (ANC) is on (blue for the proposed and the red for the conventional methods).</p> "> Figure 12
<p>Spectrogram of error for the microphone signal.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Audio-Integrated Feedback Active Noise Control (AFANC) Systems
2.1. Conventional Algorithm Using Fullband Adaptive Filters
2.2. Proposed Algorithm Using Decimated-band Adaptive Filters (DAFs)
2.2.1. Off-Line Multirate Transfer Function Modeling Algorithm
2.3. Performance Analysis of Conventional and Proposed AFANC Systems
2.3.1. Computational Complexity
2.3.2. Convergence Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Experiment Setup
3.2. Computer Simulations
3.2.1. Off-Line Secondary-Path Modeling Results
3.2.2. Off-Line Multirate Transfer Function Modeling Results
3.2.3. Noise Reduction Results
3.3. Real-Time Experiments
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Decimations and Interpolations
Appendix B. Filter Delay Estimation
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AFANC System | Filter | Length | Computation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Multiplications | Additions | |||
Conventional | ||||
Proposed | ||||
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Siswanto, A.; Chang, C.-Y.; Kuo, S.M. Multirate Audio-Integrated Feedback Active Noise Control Systems Using Decimated-Band Adaptive Filters for Reducing Narrowband Noises. Sensors 2020, 20, 6693. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226693
Siswanto A, Chang C-Y, Kuo SM. Multirate Audio-Integrated Feedback Active Noise Control Systems Using Decimated-Band Adaptive Filters for Reducing Narrowband Noises. Sensors. 2020; 20(22):6693. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226693
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiswanto, Antonius, Cheng-Yuan Chang, and Sen M. Kuo. 2020. "Multirate Audio-Integrated Feedback Active Noise Control Systems Using Decimated-Band Adaptive Filters for Reducing Narrowband Noises" Sensors 20, no. 22: 6693. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226693