Forecasting of Cereal Yields in a Semi-arid Area Using the Simple Algorithm for Yield Estimation (SAFY) Agro-Meteorological Model Combined with Optical SPOT/HRV Images
<p>Illustration of the studied site.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Color-coded view of the test fields.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Overview of the satellite and ground measurements.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Land use map for the 2010–2011 agricultural season.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>(<b>a</b>) Segmented image produced for the 2010/2011 agricultural season; (<b>b</b>) Land-use map of irrigated and non-irrigated cereals for the 2010/2011 agricultural season.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Values of observed (star) and simulated (line) LAI, estimated using the SAFY model for four test plots on the Kairouan plain during both agricultural seasons (1st Julian date = 1 November).</p> "> Figure 6 Cont.
<p>Values of observed (star) and simulated (line) LAI, estimated using the SAFY model for four test plots on the Kairouan plain during both agricultural seasons (1st Julian date = 1 November).</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Principle of cereal yield estimations, based on the integral of the LAI over the period of maximum canopy development (A<sub>LAI</sub>).</p> "> Figure 8
<p>(<b>a</b>) Relationship between measured cereal grain yields and A<sub>LAI</sub>; (<b>b</b>) Measured grain yields compared with yield estimates, computed using the maximum growth period LAI, for two test plots and two crop years.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>Relationship between the grain yields of wheat (<b>a</b>) and barley (<b>b</b>), and LAI during the period of maximum growth (A<sub>LAI</sub>). Measured yields shown as a function of the estimated values computed using A<sub>LAI</sub>, the maximum growth LAI, for test plots and two crop years, for wheat (<b>c</b>) and barley (<b>d</b>).</p> "> Figure 9 Cont.
<p>Relationship between the grain yields of wheat (<b>a</b>) and barley (<b>b</b>), and LAI during the period of maximum growth (A<sub>LAI</sub>). Measured yields shown as a function of the estimated values computed using A<sub>LAI</sub>, the maximum growth LAI, for test plots and two crop years, for wheat (<b>c</b>) and barley (<b>d</b>).</p> "> Figure 10
<p>(<b>a</b>) Relationship between the grain yields of irrigated cereals and LAI during the period of maximum growth; (<b>b</b>) Measured grain yields in irrigated test plots compared with yield estimates, computed using the maximum growth period LAI, over two crop years.</p> "> Figure 11
<p>(<b>a</b>) Relationship between the grain yields of non-irrigated cereals and LAI during the period of maximum growth; (<b>b</b>) Measured yields in non-irrigated test plots, compared with the estimated values computed using the maximum growth LAI over two crop years.</p> "> Figure 11 Cont.
<p>(<b>a</b>) Relationship between the grain yields of non-irrigated cereals and LAI during the period of maximum growth; (<b>b</b>) Measured yields in non-irrigated test plots, compared with the estimated values computed using the maximum growth LAI over two crop years.</p> "> Figure 12
<p>The organigram of the spatialisation of grain-yield.</p> "> Figure 13
<p>Cereal yield map produced by combining SPOT/HRV multi-temporal acquisitions with SAFY-modeled yields computed with the LAI corresponding to the period of maximum growth.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Database
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Satellite Data
2.3. Ground Measurements
2.3.1. Leaf Area Index
2.3.2. Cereal Yield
2.4. Classification of Satellite Images over the Kairouan Plain
2.4.1. Land Use Map
2.4.2. Classification of Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Cereals
3. Methodology for the Estimation of Cereal Yields Using the SAFY Growth Model
3.1. SAFY Model Description
3.2. Application of SAFY to Cereal Cycle Retrieval
3.3. Proposed Approach
4. Results and Discussions
4.1. Estimating the Yields of All Cereals
4.2. Wheat and Barley Yield Estimations
4.3. Yield Estimations for Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Areas
4.4. Spatialisation of Grain Yield
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Image | Observation Date | Sensor | θ 1 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 24 December 2010 | SPOT5 | 1.75 |
2 | 29 January 2011 | SPOT5 | 11.71 |
3 | 19 February 2011 | SPOT5 | 5.55 |
4 | 17 March 2011 | SPOT5 | 5.50 |
5 | 5 April 2011 | SPOT4 | 5.60 |
6 | 28 April 2011 | SPOT5 | 8.14 |
7 | 18 May 2011 | SPOT5 | 18.23 |
8 | 3 July 2011 | SPOT4 | 18.23 |
9 | 6 November 2011 | SPOT5 | 5.5 |
10 | 13 January 2012 | SPOT5 | 7.78 |
11 | 28 February 2012 | SPOT5 | 18.43 |
12 | 31 March 2012 | SPOT5 | 7.67 |
13 | 4 May 2012 | SPOT4 | 12.7 |
14 | 25 May 2012 | SPOT4 | 5.9 |
15 | 6 July 2012 | SPOT4 | 7.7 |
Mode | Band | Spectral Band |
---|---|---|
Multispectral | B1: Green | 0.50–0.59 µm |
B2: Red | 0.61–0.68 µm | |
B3: Near Infrared (PIR) | 0.79–0.89 µm | |
B4: Mid Infrared (MIR) | 1.58–1.75 µm |
Parameter | Unit | Range of Variation |
---|---|---|
D0 | Day | 15–120 |
ELUE | g·MJ−1 | 0–10 |
STT | °C | 200–1800 |
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Chahbi Bellakanji, A.; Zribi, M.; Lili-Chabaane, Z.; Mougenot, B. Forecasting of Cereal Yields in a Semi-arid Area Using the Simple Algorithm for Yield Estimation (SAFY) Agro-Meteorological Model Combined with Optical SPOT/HRV Images. Sensors 2018, 18, 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072138
Chahbi Bellakanji A, Zribi M, Lili-Chabaane Z, Mougenot B. Forecasting of Cereal Yields in a Semi-arid Area Using the Simple Algorithm for Yield Estimation (SAFY) Agro-Meteorological Model Combined with Optical SPOT/HRV Images. Sensors. 2018; 18(7):2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072138
Chicago/Turabian StyleChahbi Bellakanji, Aicha, Mehrez Zribi, Zohra Lili-Chabaane, and Bernard Mougenot. 2018. "Forecasting of Cereal Yields in a Semi-arid Area Using the Simple Algorithm for Yield Estimation (SAFY) Agro-Meteorological Model Combined with Optical SPOT/HRV Images" Sensors 18, no. 7: 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072138