A Flexible Temperature Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Robot Skin Used in Internet of Things
<p>Fabrication process of the temperature sensors: (<b>a</b>) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cleaning with acetone, alcohol and deionized (DI) water; (<b>b</b>) O<sub>2</sub> plasma etching; (<b>c</b>) printing two conductive thin wires; (<b>d</b>) the fabrication of sensitive layer using air-spray coating; (<b>e</b>) the fabrication process of insulating layer; (<b>f</b>) the vertical view of the temperature sensor; (<b>g</b>) the diagram on the left is a dimensional view of the sensor, including the size of the sensitive area, the overall size and the thickness. The diagram on the left shows the good flexibility of the sensor; (<b>h</b>) One of the possible applications of the temperature sensor.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Experimental characterizations of the flexible temperature sensors: (<b>a</b>,<b>d</b>,<b>g</b>) the resistance change for r-GO, MWCNTS and SWCNTS respectively; (<b>b</b>,<b>e</b>,<b>h</b>) the relative resistance change in the three temperature sensors for temperatures from 30 °C to 100 °C; (<b>c</b>,<b>f</b>,<b>i</b>) the resistance responses of these three sensors to three cycles of heating and cooling.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Response and recovery curve of the temperature sensor between room temperature (RT) and 45 °C. The inset is the cup with the attached sensor.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Layered structure model and SEM of r-GO: (<b>a</b>) schematic showing the layered structure model before pressure; (<b>b</b>) schematic illustrating the layered structure after pressure; (<b>c</b>) SEM image of the r-GO before pressure; (<b>d</b>) SEM image of the r-GO after pressure.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>The relationship between the resistance of the temperature sensor and the applied pressure. The inset is a field photograph of the pressure test and a schematic diagram of the application of pressure on the sensitive area: (<b>a</b>) the resistance change when applying pressure to the whole sensitive area of the sensor, from 1 N to 10 N; (<b>b</b>) the resistance change when applying pressure only on a point, from 1 N to 10 N; (<b>c</b>) the resistance change when applying pressure on a strip area by a wedge, from 1 N to 10 N.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>The length of the long side of the sensor (L) and bending schematic diagram of the temperature sensor: (<b>a</b>) L = 30 mm; (<b>b</b>) L = 25 mm; (<b>c</b>) L = 20 mm; (<b>d</b>) L = 15 mm; (<b>e</b>) L = 10 mm; (<b>f</b>) the way to control the bending.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>The resistance change in the r-GO sensor when bending. The table in this figure shows the specific change in resistance.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Fabrication of the Temperature Sensor
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensitive Material | Range of Measurement (°C) | Linearity | Sensitivity | Response Time | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) | 30–100 | Yes | 0.6345% °C−1 | 1.2 s | ours |
r-GO filled cellulose films | 25–80 | Yes | / | / | [26] |
Carbon nanotube | 21–80 | Yes | 0.25% °C−1 | 1~2 s | [27] |
single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) | 0–80 | Yes | / | / | [28] |
Ag | 20–60 | Yes | 0.223% °C−1 | <80 ms | [29] |
Ni fibers | 0–100 | Yes | 0.48% °C−1 | / | [30] |
Au | 30–80 | Yes | 0.15 °C−1 | 1.7–2.3 s | [13] |
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Liu, G.; Tan, Q.; Kou, H.; Zhang, L.; Wang, J.; Lv, W.; Dong, H.; Xiong, J. A Flexible Temperature Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Robot Skin Used in Internet of Things. Sensors 2018, 18, 1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051400
Liu G, Tan Q, Kou H, Zhang L, Wang J, Lv W, Dong H, Xiong J. A Flexible Temperature Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Robot Skin Used in Internet of Things. Sensors. 2018; 18(5):1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051400
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Guanyu, Qiulin Tan, Hairong Kou, Lei Zhang, Jinqi Wang, Wen Lv, Helei Dong, and Jijun Xiong. 2018. "A Flexible Temperature Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Robot Skin Used in Internet of Things" Sensors 18, no. 5: 1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051400