Impact of Humidity on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Based CO Detection Using a Near-IR Telecommunication Diode Laser
<p>Schematic diagram of the experimental setup. MFC: mass flow controller; PM: power meter; PD: photo detector; NV: needle valve; ADM: acoustic detection module; PC: personal computer.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Absorption lines of CO and H<sub>2</sub>O between 6380.5 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 6385.5 cm<sup>−1</sup>.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>(<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) 2<span class="html-italic">f</span> QEPAS signal amplitudes obtained at different pressures and laser modulation amplitudes in dry and wet 5% CO/N<sub>2</sub> mixtures, respectively; (<b>c</b>) 2<span class="html-italic">f</span> QEPAS signal amplitudes for optimum modulation amplitude at different gas pressures.</p> "> Figure 4
<p><span class="html-italic">Q</span>-factor of the QTF as a function of the gas pressures.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Optimum wavelength modulation amplitude <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics> </math> (circles) and the corresponding CO 2<span class="html-italic">f</span> absorption peak <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </semantics> </math> (line) as a function of the gas pressures.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Measured CO QEPAS signals (squares) and corresponding conversion efficiency <span class="html-italic">ε</span> (<span class="html-italic">P</span>) (circles) as a function of the gas pressure.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Experimental results (circles) and linear fit for determining the V-T relaxation rate of CO in dry N<sub>2</sub>.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>QEPAS sensor performances in terms of signal amplitudes and SNR predicted by the developed relaxation model for detecting CO in dry N<sub>2</sub>.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>QEPAS signal (circles) as a function of H<sub>2</sub>O concentration for detecting CO in wet N<sub>2</sub>.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>QEPAS signals obtained in the dry N<sub>2</sub> and wet N<sub>2</sub> as a function a laser current.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Setup
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Optimization of Modulation Amplitude and Pressure in Dry and Wet Gas Samples
3.2. Investigation of the V-T Relaxation: CO in Dry N2
3.2.1. Q-Factor Measurement
3.2.2. Simulation of the Peak of 2f Absorption Spectrum
3.2.3. Calculation of the Conversion Efficiency
3.3. Investigation of the V-T Process: CO in Wet N2
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yin, X.; Dong, L.; Zheng, H.; Liu, X.; Wu, H.; Yang, Y.; Ma, W.; Zhang, L.; Yin, W.; Xiao, L.; et al. Impact of Humidity on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Based CO Detection Using a Near-IR Telecommunication Diode Laser. Sensors 2016, 16, 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16020162
Yin X, Dong L, Zheng H, Liu X, Wu H, Yang Y, Ma W, Zhang L, Yin W, Xiao L, et al. Impact of Humidity on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Based CO Detection Using a Near-IR Telecommunication Diode Laser. Sensors. 2016; 16(2):162. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16020162
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin, Xukun, Lei Dong, Huadan Zheng, Xiaoli Liu, Hongpeng Wu, Yanfang Yang, Weiguang Ma, Lei Zhang, Wangbao Yin, Liantuan Xiao, and et al. 2016. "Impact of Humidity on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Based CO Detection Using a Near-IR Telecommunication Diode Laser" Sensors 16, no. 2: 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16020162