A Thin Film Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Oblique Angle Deposited Ni/NiO Nanowire Arrays
"> Figure 1
<p>The schematic fabrication process of flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). (<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) Steps of preparing substrate, lithography, sputtering Ti/Au, oblique angle-depositing Ni nanowires annealing and packaging, respectively; (<b>g</b>) photograph of the as-fabricated flexible supercapacitor device.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>(<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) Top-view and cross-section images of the nanostructured layer prepared on a polyimide (PI) substrate; (<b>c</b>) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of the oblique nanowire arrays; (<b>d</b>) high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) image of the nanowire; (<b>e</b>) X-ray diffractometer (XRD) patterns of the nanowires on the substrate; (<b>f</b>) Raman spectra measured on the surface of nanowires using a 532-nm laser; (<b>g</b>) Ni 2p; (<b>h</b>) O 1s and (<b>i</b>) C 1s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>(<b>a</b>) Photos of the MSC devices; (<b>b</b>) capacitance-voltage (CV) curves at various scan rates; (<b>c</b>) Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) at different currents measured in the voltage window of 0–1 V; (<b>d</b>) comparison of capacitances of the MSC devices at varied galvanostatic charge-discharge current densities; (<b>e</b>) capacitance retention on cycle number at a current of 4 A/cm<sup>3</sup>; (<b>f</b>) energy and powder densities of the MSC devices.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>(<b>a</b>) Photos of a MSC at different bending states; (<b>b</b>) CV curves at 100 mV/s in straight and different bending states, respectively; (<b>c</b>) charge/discharge curves at a current of 2 A/cm<sup>3</sup> in straight and different bending states, respectively; (<b>d</b>) capacitance performance under the different bending states.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>The integrated MSCs system based on six individual devices: (<b>a</b>) device position on the substrate; (<b>b</b>) CV curves of one MSC and an integrated arrays of six MSCs at scan rates of 100 mV/s and 300 mV/s, respectively; (<b>c</b>) galvanostatic CD curves of an array system of one MSC and six MSCs at the currents of 2 A/cm<sup>3</sup> and 4 A/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively; (<b>d</b>) photos of an integrated MSCs system; (<b>e</b>) flexibility performance of the integrated MSCs system based on six individual devices at different bending states; (<b>f</b>) the capacitance stability of the MSCs during repeated bending-recovery cycles at a galvanostatic current of 4 A/cm<sup>3</sup>.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. NiO Nanowires-Based MSC Growth Process
2.2. Materials Characterization
2.3. Calculation
3. Results
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ma, J.; Liu, W.; Zhang, S.; Ma, Z.; Song, P.; Yang, F.; Wang, X. A Thin Film Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Oblique Angle Deposited Ni/NiO Nanowire Arrays. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8060422
Ma J, Liu W, Zhang S, Ma Z, Song P, Yang F, Wang X. A Thin Film Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Oblique Angle Deposited Ni/NiO Nanowire Arrays. Nanomaterials. 2018; 8(6):422. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8060422
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Jing, Wen Liu, Shuyuan Zhang, Zhe Ma, Peishuai Song, Fuhua Yang, and Xiaodong Wang. 2018. "A Thin Film Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Oblique Angle Deposited Ni/NiO Nanowire Arrays" Nanomaterials 8, no. 6: 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8060422