Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Geochronology of the NYF Pegmatites, Jiaolesayi, Northern Qaidam Basin, China
<p>(<b>A</b>) Location of the study area (based on Google Earth image). (<b>B</b>) Geological map of the northwest margin of Quanji Massif. <a href="#minerals-14-00805-f002" class="html-fig">Figure 2</a> is shown as red rectangle. (<b>C</b>–<b>E</b>) Remote sensing images of pegmatites in Niubiziliang, Dachaigou, and Jiaolesayi (unpublished images from Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, 2020).</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Simplified geological map of Jiaolesayi.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Photographs and photomicrographs of pegmatite outcrops and rock samples from Jiaolesayi. (<b>A</b>) Previous reported Nb-Ta deposit, represented by the blue star in <a href="#minerals-14-00805-f002" class="html-fig">Figure 2</a>. (<b>B</b>) Newly discovered pegmatite, represented by the green star in <a href="#minerals-14-00805-f002" class="html-fig">Figure 2</a>, a person in the yellow circle as a scale. (<b>C</b>) Conjugated joints and brittle fractures developed in the flesh-red pegmatite. (<b>D</b>) Graphic structure and magnetite aggregates in the pegmatite. (<b>E</b>) Quartz veins intruded into the brecciated pegmatite. (<b>F</b>) Perthitic texture of perthite under a polarizing microscope. (<b>G</b>,<b>H</b>) Photomicrographs of graphic structure under a polarizing microscope. (<b>I</b>) Pegmatite with sericitization under a polarizing microscope. Abbreviations: Afs—alkali feldspar; Mc—mica; Or—orthoclase; Pl—plagioclase; Pth—perthite; Qz—quartz; Ser—sericite.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Classification diagrams for the Jiaolesayi pegmatite. (<b>A</b>) Total alkalis (Na<sub>2</sub>O + K<sub>2</sub>O) vs. SiO<sub>2</sub> (TAS) diagram after Middlemost [<a href="#B47-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">47</a>]; (<b>B</b>) (A/NK) vs. (A/CNK) diagram, solid lines are after Peccerillo [<a href="#B48-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">48</a>]; (<b>C</b>) K<sub>2</sub>O vs. SiO<sub>2</sub> diagram after Rickwood [<a href="#B49-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">49</a>], and (<b>D</b>) Chondrite-normalized REE patterns. (<b>E</b>) Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams for the Jiaolesayi pegmatite samples. Normalizing data for the chondrite and primitive mantle are from Sun and McDonough [<a href="#B50-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">50</a>]. Symbols: green diamond—syenite pegmatite samples.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>(<b>A</b>) Photomicrographs (cross-polarized light) and cathodoluminescence images of all tested zircons from Jiaolesayi pegmatite. (<b>B</b>) U-Pb Concordia diagram of sample D3301-1.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Photomicrographs under a reflecting microscope. (<b>A</b>) Typical subhedral euxenite-(Y) grain. (<b>B</b>) Short columnar euxenite-(Y) aggregates. (<b>C</b>) Thorite and anhedral euxenite-(Y). (<b>D</b>) Zircon, euxenite-(Y), and later-formed limonite in between. (<b>E</b>) A partial enlargement of Figure (<b>D</b>). (<b>F</b>) Image (<b>E</b>) in plane-polarized light. (<b>G</b>) An allanite-(Ce) grain. (<b>H</b>,<b>I</b>) Euhedral euxenite-(Y) grains and the EPMA test locations. (<b>J</b>) Limonite pseudomorph with residual pyrite in the core. (<b>K</b>,<b>L</b>) BSE images of euhedral euxenite-(Y) grains. Abbreviations: Aln-(Ce)—allanite-(Ce); Eux—euxenite-(Y); Lm—limonite; Py—pyrite; Thr—thorite; Zr—zircon.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>(<b>A</b>) Canonical discrimination analysis of AGM and EGM and (<b>B</b>) triangular discriminant graph after Škoda [<a href="#B55-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">55</a>]; (<b>C</b>) FeO*/MgO vs. Zr + Nb + Ce + Y; (<b>D</b>) ternary plot of Nb-Y-Ce after Eby [<a href="#B57-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">57</a>] and (<b>E</b>) Zr vs. 10,000 Ga/Al, A-type granite discrimination diagrams after Whalen [<a href="#B58-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">58</a>]. Symbols: pink squares—AGM, grey squares—EGM from Škoda [<a href="#B55-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">55</a>], orange crosses—EPMA data in this study (<a href="#app1-minerals-14-00805" class="html-app">Supplementary Table S3</a>).</p> "> Figure 8
<p>(<b>A</b>) Plots of Nb/Yb vs. Th/Yb, after Wang [<a href="#B78-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">78</a>], and (<b>B</b>) plots of Y/Nb vs. Yb/Ta, after Eby [<a href="#B56-minerals-14-00805" class="html-bibr">56</a>]. Black squares represent the three end-members in the MORB-OIB array. Abbreviations: OIB, oceanic island basalt; IAB, island arc basalt; N-MORB, normal middle oceanic ridge basalt; E-MORB, enriched middle oceanic ridge basalt; A1, A<sub>1</sub> type granite; A2, A<sub>2</sub> type granite.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Background
2.1. Regional Geology
2.2. Geological Characteristics of Jiaolesayi Pegmatite and Sample Description
3. Analytical Methods
3.1. Major and Trace Element Analyses
3.2. LA-ICP-MS Zircon U-Pb Dating
3.3. EPMA Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Major and Trace Elements
4.2. Zircon U-Pb Geochronology
4.3. EPMA Analysis
5. Discussion
5.1. Pegmatite Classification and Petrogenetic Type
5.2. Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting
5.3. Implications for REE Mineralization in the Northwest Margin of the Qaidam Basin
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, L.; Pei, X.; Gao, Y.; Li, Z.; Liu, M.; Jing, Y.; Wang, Y.; Chen, K.; Deng, N.; Zhang, Y.; et al. Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Geochronology of the NYF Pegmatites, Jiaolesayi, Northern Qaidam Basin, China. Minerals 2024, 14, 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080805
Zhang L, Pei X, Gao Y, Li Z, Liu M, Jing Y, Wang Y, Chen K, Deng N, Zhang Y, et al. Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Geochronology of the NYF Pegmatites, Jiaolesayi, Northern Qaidam Basin, China. Minerals. 2024; 14(8):805. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080805
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Long, Xianzhi Pei, Yongbao Gao, Zuochen Li, Ming Liu, Yongkang Jing, Yuanwei Wang, Kang Chen, Nan Deng, Yi Zhang, and et al. 2024. "Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Geochronology of the NYF Pegmatites, Jiaolesayi, Northern Qaidam Basin, China" Minerals 14, no. 8: 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080805