A Combined Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Flowfield and Heat Transfer around a Multiperforated Plate with Compound Angle Injection
<p>Set-up of the multiperforated plate experiment—In blue: main cold flow with a section of <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mn>448</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>135</mn> <mspace width="3.33333pt"/> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>-In red: secondary hot flow with a section of <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mn>448</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>36</mn> <mspace width="3.33333pt"/> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>. (<b>a</b>) Experimental apparatus with SPIV set-up for Z-plane acquisition; (<b>b</b>) Close-up view of the test section—Definition of the referential frame linked to the wind tunnel—The direction of the main flow is defined by <span class="html-italic">X</span>.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Geometrical parameters of the perforated plate.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Location of SPIV measurement planes—Note that X-position 0 refers to the upstream limit of the multi perforated plate.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Cold-wire experiment—Setup and probe.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Measurement box of the cold wire thermometry.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Heat transfer coefficient and adiabatic wall temperature estimation.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Infrared thermography set-up for wall heat transfer characterization.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>IRTh measurement fields.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>Heat flux distribution generated by the conductive paint.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>Linear regression (average on the whole measurement zone).</p> "> Figure 11
<p>Numerical conditions—Mesh quality and boundaries. (<b>a</b>) <math display="inline"><semantics> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </semantics></math> distribution near the hot (bottom) and cold (top) sides of the plate; (<b>b</b>) Boundary conditions prescribed.</p> "> Figure 12
<p>Velocity fields for Z-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5.8</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>mm</mi> </mrow> </semantics></math>.</p> "> Figure 13
<p>SPIV versus CEDRE EBRSM Velocity fields for X-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>73.5</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm localized on the 2nd row.</p> "> Figure 13 Cont.
<p>SPIV versus CEDRE EBRSM Velocity fields for X-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>73.5</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm localized on the 2nd row.</p> "> Figure 14
<p>3D reconstruction of the main flow on the 3rd row—The iso-surfaces are constructed for a velocity magnitude <span class="html-italic">N</span> equal to <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mn>5.7</mn> <mspace width="3.33333pt"/> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>.</p> "> Figure 15
<p>Velocity fields for Z-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>11.8</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm.</p> "> Figure 16
<p>Velocity fields for Z-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>26.8</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm.</p> "> Figure 17
<p>Velocity fields for X-plane <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>138</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm localized midway between the 3rd and 4th rows.</p> "> Figure 18
<p>Velocity profile 5 mm above the wall: comparison between experiment (SPIV), SST and EBRSM simulations.</p> "> Figure 19
<p>Turbulent kinetic energy map at 4th row.</p> "> Figure 20
<p>Experimental and numerical non-dimensional temperature field (constant-X planes).</p> "> Figure 21
<p>Experimental and numerical non-dimensional temperature field (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm plane).</p> "> Figure 22
<p>Experimental and numerical non-dimensional temperature field (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>61.15</mn> </mrow> </semantics></math> mm plane).</p> "> Figure 23
<p>Wall temperature of the multiperforated plate without electrical heating.</p> "> Figure 24
<p>Experimental and numerical HTC and adiabatic wall temperature maps on top and bottom surface of multiperforated plate.</p> "> Figure 25
<p>Sensitivity of HTC and adiabatic temperature to HTC in the holes.</p> "> Figure 26
<p>NHFR map.</p> "> Figure 27
<p>Comparison of laterally averaged HTC and adiabatic effectiveness.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Description of the Experiment
2.1. Experimental Set-Up
2.2. Aerodynamic Measurements
2.3. Thermal Measurements
2.3.1. Flow Temperature Measurements
2.3.2. Characterization of the Wall Heat Transfer
3. Numerical Model
4. Discussion
4.1. Dynamics of the Flow
4.2. Heat Transfer Characterization
4.2.1. Primary Flow Temperature
- 6 constant-X planes: (inlet conditions, 32 mm upstream 1st row), (1st row), , (2nd row), , (3rd row)
- 1 constant-Y plane: at the center of one hole in 1st and 3rd rows
- 1 constant-Z plane: above the center of one hole in 3rd row
4.2.2. Wall Heat Transfer
Wall Temperature Distribution
Wall Heat Transfer Coefficient and Adiabatic Wall Temperature
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Acronyms | |
IRTh | Infrared Thermography |
HTC | Heat Transfer Coefficient |
NHFR | Net Heat Flux Reduction |
RANS | Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes |
RSM | Reynolds Stress Model |
SPIV | Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry |
Subscripts | |
non-dimensional | |
adiabatic | |
primary channel (cold flow) | |
convection | |
electrical | |
h | hole |
secondary channel (hot flow) | |
reference | |
t | turbulent |
w | wall |
Nomenclature | ||
specific heat | [J·kgK] | |
h | heat transfer coefficient | [W·mK] |
k | turbulent kinetic energy | [ms] |
N | velocity magnitude | [m·s] |
p | axial spacing of hole rows | [m] |
Prandtl number | [−] | |
Reynolds number | [−] | |
s | lateral spacing of hole rows | [m] |
S | surface area | [m] |
T | temperature | [K] |
spatial coordinates | [m] | |
velocity components | [m·s] | |
velocity fluctuation components | [m·s] | |
Greeks | ||
pitch angle | [] | |
yaw angle | [] | |
effectiveness | [−] | |
thermal conductivity | [W·mK] | |
heat flux density | [W·m] | |
density | [kg·m] |
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Primary Flow | Secondary Flow | |
---|---|---|
HTC | ||
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Laroche, E.; Donjat, D.; Reulet, P. A Combined Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Flowfield and Heat Transfer around a Multiperforated Plate with Compound Angle Injection. Energies 2021, 14, 613. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030613
Laroche E, Donjat D, Reulet P. A Combined Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Flowfield and Heat Transfer around a Multiperforated Plate with Compound Angle Injection. Energies. 2021; 14(3):613. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030613
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaroche, Emmanuel, David Donjat, and Philippe Reulet. 2021. "A Combined Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Flowfield and Heat Transfer around a Multiperforated Plate with Compound Angle Injection" Energies 14, no. 3: 613. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030613