Population Biology of the Non-Indigenous Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) in the South Evoikos Gulf, Greece
<p>Map of the study area (red outline) and location of sampling area (black outline) (color variation indicates depth).</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Morphological measurements of the shell of the rayed pearl oyster of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece). L: left valve, R: right valve, SH: shell height, SWI: shell width, HL: hinge length, WNL: width of the nacreous part in left valve, and LNR: length of nacreous part in right valve.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Frequency distributions with overlayed fitted normal distribution of biometric characters (mm and g) of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece). (<b>A</b>): Total weight; (<b>B</b>) Flesh weight; (<b>C</b>) Shell weight; (<b>D</b>) Shell height; (<b>E</b>) Hinge length; and (<b>F</b>) Shell width.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Scatterplot matrix with fitted line plots (lower left triangle of the scatterplot matrix) and heat map with Pearson correlation and associated probability values (upper-right triangle of the scatterplot matrix) of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> biometric characters measured from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece). The color of each circle represents correlation strength circle size represents correlation significance between each pair of variables (larger circle indicates a more significant relationship).</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Temporal comparison of densities plot of flesh weight of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece).</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Nominal logistic curve and threshold values (values above which there is an increasingly higher probability that sex is female) of the effect of size (shell height) on the sex ratio of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece).</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Shell height–total weight relationship of (<b>A</b>) both sexes and (<b>B</b>) each sex separately of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece).</p> "> Figure 8
<p>Characteristics of the identified age groups for all captured individuals of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece). Confidence intervals indicate the standard deviation.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>Seasonally oscillating growth curve fitted to monthly length-frequency data of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece).</p> "> Figure 10
<p>Probability of capture for different length classes (LC<sub>25</sub>, LC<sub>50</sub>, LC<sub>75</sub>) of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> individuals collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece).</p> "> Figure 11
<p>Yield per recruit (Y/R) and biomass per recruit (B/R) of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece), for different fishing mortalities.</p> "> Figure 12
<p>Yield per recruit (Y/R) and biomass per recruit (B/R) of <span class="html-italic">Pinctada radiata</span> collected from the coastal waters of South Evoikos Gulf (Greece), for different fishing exploitation rates.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Sampling Methodology
2.2. Statistical Analysis
2.3. Age and Growth
2.4. Mortality and Exploitation Rate
2.5. Relative Y/R and B/R Analysis: Knife-Edge Selection
3. Results
3.1. Population Structure
3.2. Sex Ratio
3.3. Allometric Relationships
3.4. Age Composition
3.5. Growth, Mortality, and Exploitation Rate
3.6. Probability of Capture—Lopt
3.7. Relative Y/R and B/R Analysis: Knife-Edge Selection
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Season | Autumn | Winter | Spring | Summer | Significance | Total Population |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TW ± SE | 47.7 ± 17.2 | 51.9 ± 18.6 | 48.9 ± 19.9 | 47.8 ± 16.6 | ns | 49.1 ± 18.2 |
FW ± SE | 9.27 ± 3.06 c | 11 ± 3.34 b | 12.6 ± 4.36 a | 9.76 ± 3.41 c | *** | 10.7 ± 3.79 |
SW ± SE | 38.4 ± 14.4 | 40.8 ± 15.7 | 36.3 ± 16 | 38.1 ± 14 | ns | 38.4 ± 15.1 |
SH ± SE | 63.3 ± 9.78 | 66 ± 11.2 | 65.2 ± 11.7 | 63.6 ± 11.2 | ns | 64.5 ± 11 |
HL ± SE | 47.8 ± 5.33 | 48.9 ± 6.91 | 48.1 ± 6.80 | 47.7 ± 6.63 | ns | 48.1 ± 6.45 |
SWI ± SE | 26.3 ± 5 | 27.4 ± 5.37 | 27.4 ± 5.52 | 26.6 ± 4.99 | ns | 26.9 ± 5.23 |
WNL ± SE | 41.7 ± 7.09 | 43.7 ± 7.53 | 42.3 ± 7.97 | 41.7 ± 7.86 | ns | 42.3 ± 7.64 |
LNL ± SE | 47.2 ± 7.08 | 48.8 ± 7.60 | 48.5 ± 8.39 | 47.3 ± 8.08 | ns | 48 ± 7.82 |
WNR ± SE | 46.8 ± 6.52 | 48.2 ± 7.76 | 47.2 ± 8.58 | 46.8 ± 8.28 | ns | 47.3 ± 7.83 |
LNR ± SE | 51.9 ± 7.49 | 53 ± 8.3 | 53.1 ± 8.95 | 51.8 ± 8.74 | ns | 52.4 ± 8.39 |
Average Temperature | 21.5 ± 1.6 | 15.2 ± 2.0 | 15.2 ± 1.7 | 24.2 ± 1.54 |
Term | Scaled Estimate | Std Error | t Ratio | Significance | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | 10.6525 | 0.146025 | 72.95 | *** | |
Autumn | −1.385833 | 0.252922 | −5.48 | *** | |
Spring | 1.8988333 | 0.252922 | 7.51 | *** | |
Summer | −0.893833 | 0.252922 | −3.53 | ** | |
Winter | 0.3808333 | 0.252922 | 1.51 | ns |
Relationship | Equation | R2 | t-Test | Allometry |
---|---|---|---|---|
SH vs. TW | TW = 0.008205 × SH 2.0824 | 84.9% | *** | Negative |
SH vs. FW | FW = 0.006241 × SH 1.7821 | 70.9% | *** | Negative |
SH vs. SWI | SWI = 0.71535 × SH 0.87123 | 61.4% | *** | Negative |
SH vs. SW | SW = 0.00499 × SH 2.14 | 77.7% | *** | Negative |
SH vs. HL | HL = 3.6505 × SH 0.61969 | 68.6% | *** | Negative |
HL vs. SW | SW = 0.79975 × HL 0.90825 | 41.2% | ns | Negative |
SW vs. FW | FW = 1.0617 × SW 0.63844 | 61.9% | *** | Negative |
E | Y/R | B/R | |
---|---|---|---|
0.01 | 0.008 | 0.844 | |
0.20 | 0.014 | 0.699 | |
0.30 | 0.020 | 0.566 | |
0.40 | 0.024 | 0.444 | |
0.50 | 0.028 | 0.336 | |
0.60 | 0.030 | 0.241 | |
0.70 | 0.031 | 0.159 | |
0.80 | 0.030 | 0.093 | |
0.90 | 0.029 | 0.040 | |
0.99 | 0.028 | 0.003 | |
Biological reference points | |||
FMSY | 0.934 | ||
EMSY | 0.637 | ||
BMSY | 0.03295 | ||
Emax | 0.694 | ||
E0.1 | 0.616 | ||
E0.5 | 0.353 | ||
Fopt | 0.39 | ||
Flim | 0.26 | ||
Eopt | 0.50 |
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Pafras, D.; Theocharis, A.; Kondylatos, G.; Conides, A.; Klaoudatos, D. Population Biology of the Non-Indigenous Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) in the South Evoikos Gulf, Greece. Diversity 2024, 16, 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080460
Pafras D, Theocharis A, Kondylatos G, Conides A, Klaoudatos D. Population Biology of the Non-Indigenous Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) in the South Evoikos Gulf, Greece. Diversity. 2024; 16(8):460. https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080460
Chicago/Turabian StylePafras, Dimitris, Alexandros Theocharis, Gerasimos Kondylatos, Alexis Conides, and Dimitris Klaoudatos. 2024. "Population Biology of the Non-Indigenous Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) in the South Evoikos Gulf, Greece" Diversity 16, no. 8: 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080460