Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP
<p>The sketches of the drilling sites of the ice cores for the Guliya, the Vostok3G-1, the EPICA DML, and the North GRIP. (<b>a</b>) The Guliya ice core (after [<a href="#B33-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">33</a>]), (<b>b</b>) The Vostok3G-1 and the EPICA DML (adapted from Figure 15.1 of <span class="html-italic">The Physics of Glaciers</span> [<a href="#B1-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">1</a>]) and (<b>c</b>) The North GRIP (adapted from Figure 15.1 of <span class="html-italic">The Physics of Glaciers</span> [<a href="#B1-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">1</a>]).</p> "> Figure 2
<p>The profiles of the average grain size with depth for the Guliya, Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP ice cores, respectively. D<sub>a</sub> is the horizontal diameter (the red solid line), D<sub>c</sub> the vertical diameter (the blue solid line) in the Guliya core. The red solid line is the width and the blue solid line is the height in the North GRIP core. Data are from [<a href="#B5-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">5</a>,<a href="#B17-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">17</a>,<a href="#B22-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">22</a>,<a href="#B23-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">23</a>], respectively.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>The sketches of evolution of fabric with depth for the Guliya, Vostok3G-13G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP ice cores, respectively. Data are from [<a href="#B20-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">20</a>,<a href="#B22-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">22</a>,<a href="#B23-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">23</a>,<a href="#B27-crystals-07-00097" class="html-bibr">27</a>], respectively.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Measurements
3. Results
3.1. Microstructure and Fabric Variation with Depth
3.2. Comparison with the Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP Ice Cores
4. Discussion
4.1. Grain Growth
4.2. Vertical Girdle
4.3. Simple Shear and Single-Maximum
4.4. Polygonization and Migration Recrystallization
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ice Core Project | Geographical Site | Position | Elevation (m) | Topography | Ann. M S T(°C)/T 10 m B S or B (°C) † | Snow Accumulation Rate | Ice Core Length (m)/Ice Thickness (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guliya | Western Kunlun Mountains, Tibetan Plateau, China | 35°21′ N, 81°31′ E | 6200 | Ice cap top-flatted | −17.8/−15.6 (−10 m) | 25.2 cm a−1 | 308.7/c.350 |
Vostok 3G-1 | Former Soviet Antarctic station, Antarctica | 78 °28′ S, 106 °48′ E | 3488 | Above an ice lake | −55.5/−3 (Bottom) | 2.2–2.5 g cm−2·a−1 | 2083/c.3700 |
EPICA DML | Interior of DML, Antarctica | 75°00′ S, 0°04′ E | 2892 | Ridge/Divide | c.−45/c.−3 (Bottom) | 6.4 g cm−2 a−1 | c.2774/2782 |
North GRIP | Ice ridge 325 km N-NW of Summit, Greenland | 75°01′ N, 42°03′ W | 2917 | Ridge/Divide | −32/−2.4 (Bottom) | 19.5 cm a−1 | 3085/3085 |
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Li, Y.; Kipfstuhl, S.; Huang, M. Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP. Crystals 2017, 7, 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7040097
Li Y, Kipfstuhl S, Huang M. Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP. Crystals. 2017; 7(4):97. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7040097
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yuan, Sepp Kipfstuhl, and Maohuan Huang. 2017. "Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP" Crystals 7, no. 4: 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7040097