Review of Parameter Determination for Thermal Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries
<p>(<b>a</b>) Internal resistance model (<b>b</b>) Equivalent circuit model.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Internal resistance measurement with various procedures(s: seconds, d: discharge, c: charge, e: extrapolated) [<a href="#B10-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">10</a>].</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Variation of internal resistance with pulse period [<a href="#B11-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">11</a>].</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Internal resistance (mΩ) computed from various amplitude discharge pulses [<a href="#B11-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">11</a>].</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Internal resistance (mΩ) computed from various amplitude charge pulses [<a href="#B11-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">11</a>].</p> "> Figure 6
<p>ECM based on the EIS feedback of the lithium-ion battery [<a href="#B13-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">13</a>].</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Outcomes from the frequency-based ETIS procedure [<a href="#B36-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">36</a>].</p> "> Figure 8
<p>The heating setup which was employed to measure specific heat capacity (method one—cooling transient) [<a href="#B37-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> "> Figure 9
<p>Specific heat capacity setup (method two—adiabatic calorimetry) [<a href="#B37-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> "> Figure 10
<p>Thermal conductivity measurement setup (method one-direct steady state measurement) [<a href="#B36-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">36</a>].</p> "> Figure 11
<p>Thermal conductivity measurement setup (method 2-thermal diffusivity measurement) [<a href="#B37-batteries-04-00020" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Equivalent Circuit Model
- (1)
- R1, R2: Charge-transfer resistances
- (2)
- C1, C2: Interfacial capacitances
- (3)
- RI: Ohmic resistance
3. Internal Resistance
- (1)
- High-frequency
- (2)
- Mid-frequency
- (3)
- Low-frequency section
4. Thermal Modeling
5. Entropic Heat Coefficient
6. Specific Heat Capacity
7. Thermal Conductivity
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Procedure | Measurement/Calculation | Important Parameters |
---|---|---|
| 2, 10, and 18 s after the start of the current pulse | Pulse duration Pulse amplitude |
EHC | During Discharge | During Charge |
---|---|---|
Negative | Exothermic | Endothermic |
Positive | Endothermic | Exothermic |
Time (h) | Thermal Cycle 1 | Thermal Cycle 2 |
---|---|---|
3 | 25 °C | 26 °C |
3 | 5 °C | 16 °C |
3 | 15 °C | 6 °C |
3 | 40 °C | 21 °C |
3 | 55 °C | 36 °C |
3 | 25 °C | 26 °C |
Subject | EHC | Battery | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Influence of different design variables on the thermal behavior | Disregarded | Lithium-ion cell (LixC6/LiyNiO2) | [16] |
Thermal modeling (discharge behavior) | Disregarded | Lithium/polymer (LilPEO15-LiCF3SO3ITiS2) | [17] |
Power and thermal characterization | Disregarded | Lithium-ion battery pack | [18] |
Heat transfer phenomena | Constant | Lithium/polymer-electrolyte | [19] |
Electrochemical–thermal model | Constant | Lithium polymer | [20] |
Thermal analysis | Constant | Lithium-ion batteries | [21] |
Thermal analysis | Constant | Spirally wound lithium batteries | [22] |
Thermal analysis | Constant | Lithium/polymer-electrolyte | [23] |
Three-dimensional thermal modeling | Constant | Lithium-polymer | [24] |
Effect of electrode configuration on the thermal behavior | Unreported | Lithium-polymer battery | [25] |
Scale-up modeling | Unreported | Lithium-ion polymer battery | [26] |
Mathematical modeling | Unreported | Lithium-ion and nickel battery systems | [27] |
Three-dimensional temperature and current distribution | Unreported | Battery module | [28] |
Thermal modeling and design considerations | Linear between two SOC measurements | Lithium-ion batteries | [29] |
Analysis of electrochemical and thermal Behavior | Nonlinear function of SOC | Lithium-ion batteries | [30] |
Thermal model | Nonlinear function of SOC | Lithium-ion battery | [31] |
Thermal modeling | Nonlinear function of SOC | Porous insertion electrodes | [32] |
Thermal behavior during rapid charge and discharge cycles | Nonlinear function of SOC | Small lithium-ion secondary battery | [33] |
Method | Device | Determination Method |
---|---|---|
Cooling of a heated cell | Insulated chamber filled with a mass of dielectric oil | Experimental approaches |
Adiabatic calorimetry | Insulated chamber/generally not filled with any liquid | Experimental approaches |
Kapton® film heaters | Thermal-vacuum chamber/circulating liquid nitrogen | Experimental approaches |
Calorimetry | A differential scan calorimeter (DSC) | Experimental approaches |
Analyses the test cell data/data from the manufacturer | Analyses the test cell data/data from the manufacturer | Computational approaches |
Data cited in publications and references | Data cited in publications and references | Computational approaches |
Specific Heat Capacity Dependency | Battery Type |
---|---|
Weakly dependent on its temperature and SOC | Lithium cells |
A cell temperature dependency at 100% SOC but a poor dependency at 0% SOC | Li/BCX and Li/SOCl2 cylindrical cells |
Increase with open circuit voltage (OCV) | 18,650 LiCoO2 cell |
Statistically independent of SOC | A large format pouch cell—lithium titanate anode |
Method | Representation | Reference |
---|---|---|
Guarded hot plate technique (GHPT) | ASTM C177-04 | 69 |
GHPT | ISO 8302:1991 | 70 |
Heat flow meter | ASTM C518-10 | 71 |
Heat flow meter | ISO 8301:1991 | 72 |
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Madani, S.S.; Schaltz, E.; Knudsen Kær, S. Review of Parameter Determination for Thermal Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries. Batteries 2018, 4, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4020020
Madani SS, Schaltz E, Knudsen Kær S. Review of Parameter Determination for Thermal Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries. Batteries. 2018; 4(2):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4020020
Chicago/Turabian StyleMadani, Seyed Saeed, Erik Schaltz, and Søren Knudsen Kær. 2018. "Review of Parameter Determination for Thermal Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries" Batteries 4, no. 2: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4020020