Oral health is important for nutritional and food intake. In addition to dental health, the impact of various oral functions is attracting attention. Epidemiology studies indicate the importance of oral health on general health, and nutrition and food intake are considered a major pathway. For vulnerable older people, masticatory muscle training intervention has been developed. More fundamentally, oral health promotion considering a wide range of social determinants of oral health is required to prevent tooth loss and maintain oral functions.