MnSOD downregulation induced by extremely low 0.1 mGy single and fractionated X-rays and microgravity treatment in human neuroblastoma cell line, NB-1

Original Articles

Hiroko P. Indo, Tsukasa Tomiyoshi, Shigeaki Suenaga, Kazuo Tomita, Life Science Research Group, Department of Science and Applications, Japan Space Forum">Hiromi Suzuki, Utilization & Engineering Department, Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation">Daisuke Masuda, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center">Masahiro Terada, Department of Space Biology and Microgravity Sciences, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency">Noriaki Ishioka, Department of Space Biology and Microgravity Sciences, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Department of Invertebrates Zoology and Functional Morphology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University
Anhydrobiosis Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences">Oleg Gusev, Richard Cornette, Takashi Okuda, Chiaki Mukai, Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences">Hideyuki J. Majima

Author information

Hiroko P. Indo
Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Tsukasa Tomiyoshi
Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Shigeaki Suenaga
Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Kazuo Tomita
Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Hiromi Suzuki
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Life Science Research Group, Department of Science and Applications, Japan Space Forum
Daisuke Masuda
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Utilization & Engineering Department, Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation
Masahiro Terada
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center
Noriaki Ishioka
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Department of Space Biology and Microgravity Sciences, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Oleg Gusev
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Department of Space Biology and Microgravity Sciences, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Department of Invertebrates Zoology and Functional Morphology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University
Anhydrobiosis Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
Richard Cornette
Anhydrobiosis Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
Takashi Okuda
Anhydrobiosis Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
Chiaki Mukai
Center for Applied Space Medicine and Human Research, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Hideyuki J. Majima
Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences

Keywords: space radiation, microgravity, extremely small dose, neuron, NB-1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2015 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 98-104

DOI https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.15-20

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Details

Abstract

A human neuroblastoma cell line, NB-1, was treated with 24 h of microgravity simulation by clinostat, or irradiated with extremely small X-ray doses of 0.1 or 1.0 mGy using single and 10 times fractionation regimes with 1 and 2 h time-intervals. A quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) examination was performed for apoptosis related factors (BAX, CYTC, APAF1, VDAC1–3, CASP3, CASP8, CASP9 P53, AIF, ANT1 and 2, BCL2, MnSOD, autophagy related BECN and necrosis related CYP-40. The qRT-PCR results revealed that microgravity did not result in significant changes except for a upregulation of proapoptotic VDAC2, and downregulations of proapoptotic CASP9 and antiapoptotic MnSOD. After 0.1 mGy fractionation irradiation, there was increased expression of proapoptotic APAF1 and downregulation of proapoptotic CYTC, VDAC2, VDAC3, CASP8, AIF, ANT1, and ANT2, as well as an increase in expression of antiapoptotic BCL2. There was also a decrease in MnSOD expression with 0.1 mGy fractionation irradiation. These results suggest that microgravity and low-dose radiation may decrease apoptosis but may potentially increase oxidative stress.

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