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The control of stem cell morphology and differentiation using three-dimensional printed scaffold architecture

  • Biomaterials for 3D Cell Biology Prospective Article
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Abstract

In this work, we investigated the interactions of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds displaying different scaffold architectures. Pressure-assisted microsyringe system was used to fabricate scaffolds with square (SQR), hexagonal (HEX), and octagonal (OCT) architectures defined by various degrees of curvatures. OCT represents the highest degree of curvature followed by HEX, and SQR is composed of linear struts without curvature. Scaffolds were fabricated from poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(tyrosol carbonate). We found that hMSCs attached and spread by taking the shape of the individual struts, exhibiting high aspect ratios (ARs) and mean cell area when cultured on OCT scaffolds as compared with those cultured on HEX and SQR scaffolds. In contrast, cells appeared bulkier with low AR on SQR scaffolds. These significant changes in cell morphology directly correlate with the stem cell lineage commitment, such that 80 ± 1% of the hMSCs grown on OCT scaffolds differentiated into osteogenic lineage, compared with 70 ± 4% and 62 ± 2% of those grown on HEX and SQR scaffolds, respectively. Cells on OCT scaffolds also showed 2.5 times more alkaline phosphatase activity compared with cells on SQR scaffolds. This study demonstrates the importance of scaffold design to direct stem cell differentiation, and aids in the development of novel 3D scaffolds for bone regeneration.

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Tyler Hoffman for his assistance on cell culture assays. This study was supported by RESBIO, the “Resource for polymeric biomaterials”, funded by the National Institute of Health, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Award Number P41EB001046, and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1714882.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Otto H. York Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA

    Murat Guvendiren

  2. New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA

    Murat Guvendiren, Stephanie Fung & Joachim Kohn

  3. Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, 56100, Pisa, Italy

    Carmelo De Maria, Francesca Montemurro & Giovanni Vozzi

Authors
  1. Murat Guvendiren
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  2. Stephanie Fung
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  3. Joachim Kohn
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  4. Carmelo De Maria
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  5. Francesca Montemurro
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  6. Giovanni Vozzi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joachim Kohn.

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The supplementary material for this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2017.73.

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Guvendiren, M., Fung, S., Kohn, J. et al. The control of stem cell morphology and differentiation using three-dimensional printed scaffold architecture. MRS Communications 7, 383–390 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2017.73

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2017.73

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