research-article

Near-infrared Imaging for Information Embedding and Extraction with Layered Structures

Authors:

Zhanna Sarsenbayeva,

Niels van Berkel,

Jorge Goncalves,

Vassilis KostakosAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 42, Issue 1

Article No.: 4, Pages 1 - 26

https://doi.org/10.1145/3533426

Published: 12 August 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Non-invasive inspection and imaging techniques are used to acquire non-visible information embedded in samples. Typical applications include medical imaging, defect evaluation, and electronics testing. However, existing methods have specific limitations, including safety risks (e.g., X-ray), equipment costs (e.g., optical tomography), personnel training (e.g., ultrasonography), and material constraints (e.g., terahertz spectroscopy). Such constraints make these approaches impractical for everyday scenarios. In this article, we present a method that is low-cost and practical for non-invasive inspection in everyday settings. Our prototype incorporates a miniaturized near-infrared spectroscopy scanner driven by a computer-controlled 2D-plotter. Our work presents a method to optimize content embedding, as well as a wavelength selection algorithm to extract content without human supervision. We show that our method can successfully extract occluded text through a paper stack of up to 16 pages. In addition, we present a deep-learning-based image enhancement model that can further improve the image quality and simultaneously decompose overlapping content. Finally, we demonstrate how our method can be generalized to different inks and other layered materials beyond paper. Our approach enables a wide range of content embedding applications, including chipless information embedding, physical secret sharing, 3D print evaluations, and steganography.

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cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 42, Issue 1

February 2023

211 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/3555791

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Carol O'Sullivan
Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

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Publication History

Published: 12 August 2022

Online AM: 02 May 2022

Accepted: 01 April 2022

Revised: 01 March 2022

Received: 01 August 2021

Published in TOG Volume 42, Issue 1

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https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3664653
Jiang WGoncalves JKostakos V(2024)Mobile Near-infrared Sensing—A Systematic Review on Devices, Data, Modeling, and ApplicationsACM Computing Surveys10.1145/365259656:8(1-36)Online publication date: 10-Apr-2024
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Liu JHu WYang ZChen JWang GChen XCai YGao HZhao H(2024)Rip-NeRF: Anti-aliasing Radiance Fields with Ripmap-Encoded Platonic SolidsACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Conference Papers10.1145/3641519.3657402(1-11)Online publication date: 13-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641519.3657402
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Jiang WWang CSarsenbayeva ZIrlitti AWei JKnibbe JDingler TGoncalves JKostakos V(2023)InfoPrintProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36109337:3(1-29)Online publication date: 27-Sep-2023
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