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Big bang nucleosynthesis and entropy evolution in f(R, T) gravity

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Abstract

The present article is devoted to constraining the model parameter \(\chi \) for the \(f(R,T)= R + \chi T\) gravity model by employing the constraints coming from big bang nucleosynthesis. We solve the field equations and constrain \(\chi \) in the range \(-0.14 \kappa ^{2} \le \chi \le 0.84 \kappa ^{2}\) (where \(\kappa ^{2} = \frac{8 \pi G}{c^{4}}\)) from the primordial abundances of light elements such as helium-4, deuterium and lithium-7. We found the abundances of helium-4 and deuterium agree with theoretical predictions; however, the lithium problem persists for the f(R, T) gravity model. We also investigate the evolution of entropy for the constrained parameter space of \(\chi \) for the radiation and dust universe. We report that entropy is constant when \(\chi = 0\) for the radiation-dominated universe, whereas for the dust universe, entropy increases with time. We finally use the constraints to show that \(\chi \) has a negligible influence on the cold dark matter annihilation cross section.

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Acknowledgements

SB thanks Biswajit Pandey for constant support and motivation. SB also thanks Suman Sarkar and Biswajit Das for helpful discussions. PKS acknowledges CSIR, New Delhi, India, for financial support to carry out the research project [No.03(1454)/19/EMR-II Dt.02/08/2019]. We are very much grateful to the honorable referee and the editor for the illuminating suggestions that have significantly improved our work in terms of research quality and presentation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Astronomy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India

    Snehasish Bhattacharjee

  2. Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India

    P. K. Sahoo

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  1. Snehasish Bhattacharjee
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  2. P. K. Sahoo
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Correspondence to P. K. Sahoo.

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Bhattacharjee, S., Sahoo, P.K. Big bang nucleosynthesis and entropy evolution in f(R, T) gravity. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 135, 350 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00361-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00361-4