Abstract
Background
Long-term ultraviolet A (UVA) eye irradiation decreases memory and learning ability in mice. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.
Objectives
In this study, ICR mice were used to study the effects of long-term UVA eye irradiation.
Methods
The eyes of mice were exposed to UVA from an FL20SBLB-A lamp three times a week for 1 year. Then, we analyzed memory and learning ability in the mice using water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests, and measured the levels of p53, Period2 (Per2), Clock, brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT) activity, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) activity, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) in the brains of treated and control animals.
Results
The results showed that the p53 level increased significantly following long-term UVA eye irradiation, whereas the levels of Period2, Bmal1, Clock, NMNAT and NAMPT activities, NAD+, and Sirt1 decreased significantly. Furthermore, we found that p53 inhibition ameliorated the UVA eye irradiation-induced depression of memory and learning ability.
Conclusion
These results indicate that long-term UVA eye irradiation stimulates p53, inhibits the clock gene, and reduces Sirt1 production in the NAD+ constructional system, resulting in reduced memory and learning ability.
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References
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Funding
This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant no. 18K11085).
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KH and YY performed experiments and analyzed the data; KH provided new tools and regents; SE conceived and supervised the study; KH and YY designed experiments and wrote the manuscript.
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Hiramoto, K., Yamate, Y. & Sato, E.F. p53 and clock genes play an important role in memory and learning ability depression due to long-term ultraviolet A eye irradiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 20, 677–685 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-021-00055-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-021-00055-5