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Low-cost biochar derived from herbal residue: characterization and application for ciprofloxacin adsorption

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Abstract

Thermally carbonization biochar produced from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine waste (Astragalus mongholicus residue) was investigated for its performance in ciprofloxacin adsorption. Batch sorption experiments were conducted, and scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyses were employed to characterize the biochar. The results demonstrated that thermal activation process improves the adsorbent characteristics. Biochar produced at 800 °C had the best adsorption capacity, a better pore structure and the largest surface areas. The adsorption process fit well to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The adsorption isothermal model results revealed that the adsorption process of ciprofloxacin is described better by the Freundlich isotherm and the type of adsorption is a chemical process. The maximum adsorption of ciprofloxacin occurred at pH 7. The present research demonstrated that A. mongholicus biochar might be an attractive and cost-effective adsorbent with good adsorption performance for removing ciprofloxacin from water solution.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (CN) (BK20150693, BK20140657), the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, CAS (No. 2014SKL005), and the fund for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (NFFTBS) (J1030830).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China

    J. G. Shang, X. R. Kong, L. L. He, W. H. Li & Q. J. H. Liao

  2. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    J. G. Shang

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  1. J. G. Shang
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  2. X. R. Kong
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  3. L. L. He
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  4. W. H. Li
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  5. Q. J. H. Liao
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Correspondence to Q. J. H. Liao.

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Shang, J.G., Kong, X.R., He, L.L. et al. Low-cost biochar derived from herbal residue: characterization and application for ciprofloxacin adsorption. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13, 2449–2458 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1075-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1075-3

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