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The Role of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (S Hanauer, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Gastroenterology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diet may play both a causal and therapeutic role for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Physicians caring for patients with IBD are often asked to make dietary recommendations. However, there are no well-established guidelines on the use of diet as a treatment of IBD. In this review, we describe the evidence supporting diet as a potential cause for IBD, patient-perceived symptoms based on diet, current research on various diets as a treatment for IBD, and areas of future research.

Recent Findings

New studies in murine models suggest that dietary emulsifiers may trigger the gut inflammatory cascade. New studies of restriction diets in patients have shown a relationship between dietary intake, symptoms, and bowel inflammation.

Summary

Until several ongoing clinical trials are completed, a reasonable approach to dietary recommendations for patients with IBD is to propose a well-balanced, healthy (low-fat, low-sugar) diet prepared from fresh ingredients, such as the Mediterranean diet, with exclusions of self-identified foods that worsen or trigger IBD-related symptoms.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Raina Shivashankar

  2. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, 720 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    James D. Lewis

Authors
  1. Raina Shivashankar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to James D. Lewis.

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Conflict of Interest

Raina Shivashankar declares no conflict of interest.

James Lewis has received honorarium for consulting and research grant support from Nestle Health Science.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Disclosures

Dr. Lewis has received research funding from Nestle Health Science.

Additional information

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Shivashankar, R., Lewis, J.D. The Role of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 19, 22 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-017-0563-z

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