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A regional appraisal of electricity accessibility determinants: the relevance of international remittances, clean energy, income inequality, and institutional quality

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Abstract

The majority of developing nations worldwide face severe challenges in ensuring universal electricity access for their respective populations. Hence, this study focuses on assessing the factors stimulating and inhibiting national electricity access rates in 61 developing nations from six global regions during the 2000–2020 period. For analytical purposes, both parametric and non-parametric estimation techniques that are efficient in handling major panel data-related problems are used. Overall, the results reveal that a higher influx of remittances sent by the expatriates does not directly influence electricity accessibility. However, adoption of clean energy and improvement in institutional quality promote electricity accessibility while higher income inequality undermines it. More importantly, good institutional quality mediates between international remittance receipts and electricity accessibility as results endorse that international remittance receipts and institutional quality improvement jointly exert electricity accessibility–promoting impacts. Moreover, these findings depict regional heterogeneity while the quantile-based analysis highlights contrasting impacts of international remittance receipts, clean energy use, and institutional quality across different quantiles of electricity accessibility. Contrarily, worsening incidences of income inequality are evidenced to undermine electricity accessibility across all quantiles. Therefore, considering these key findings, several electricity accessibility–boosting policies are suggested.

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Abbreviations

ATEL:

Access to electricity

EAP:

East Asia and the Pacific

ECA:

Europe and Central Asia

IEA:

International Energy Agency

LAC:

Latin America and the Caribbean

MENA:

Middle East and North Africa

SA:

South Asia

SDG:

Sustainable Development Goals

SSA:

Sub-Saharan Africa

CD:

Cross-sectional dependency

HSC:

Heterogeneous slope coefficients

GDP:

Gross domestic product

DCCE:

Dynamic common correlated effects

MM-QREG:

Method of moments-quantile regression

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MM: conceptualization; formal analysis; data curation; writing the original manuscript; writing—reviewing and editing

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Correspondence to Muntasir Murshed.

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Murshed, M. A regional appraisal of electricity accessibility determinants: the relevance of international remittances, clean energy, income inequality, and institutional quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 51228–51244 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25889-7

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