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Identification of major QTLs for flowering and maturity in soybean by genotyping-by-sequencing analysis

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Abstract

As soybean is highly sensitive to photoperiod, and the cultivation area of soybean is restricted to a narrow latitude region. The adaptability of soybean growth across wide latitude areas is owing to the rich variations of genes conditioning the flowering time and maturity. Identification of new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and validation of the potential genes are beneficial to clarify the complex regulatory network in the photoperiod pathway. In the present study, high-density genetic maps were performed using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) with two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations developed from the crosses between cultivated soybean varieties, Noir × Archer (NA) and Noir × M336-1 (NM) for evaluating the traits of flowering time (R1), maturity (R8), and reproductive period (RP) under long-day (LD) conditions. In total, we identified four stable QTLs on chromosomes 4, 6, 18, and 19 in NA and NM RILs. The QTLs on chromosomes 6 and 19 corresponded to the maturity genes E1 and E3, respectively. Another major QTL on chromosome 18 was detected in both NA and NM populations and played pivotal roles in the regulation of flowering time, maturity, and reproductive period. The QTL mapped to chromosome 4 was shown to mainly regulate the maturity time by affecting the post-flowering stage in NA population. The results in this study will provide new loci and fundamental resources to elucidate the genetic basis related to flowering, maturity, and reproductive period and will be helpful for further research on soybean flowering and molecular breeding under LD conditions.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge Mrs. Yafeng Liu for phenotyping and managing the filed.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31930083, 31725021), the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Research (2019B030302006), and the Open Project Foundation of National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (ZW201901).

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Author notes

  1. Lingshuang Wang, Chao Fang, Jun Liu and Ting Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China

    Lingshuang Wang, Kun Kou, Tong Su, Shichen Li, Fanjiang Kong & Baohui Liu

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Lingshuang Wang, Kun Kou, Tong Su & Shichen Li

  3. Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China

    Chao Fang, Jun Liu, Ting Zhang, Liyu Chen, Qun Cheng, Lidong Dong, Fanjiang Kong, Baohui Liu & Sijia Lu

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  1. Lingshuang Wang
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  2. Chao Fang
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Contributions

FK designed the experiments. LW, CF, LL, TZ, KK, TS, SL, LC, QC, and LD carried out the experiments. LW, FK, BL, and SL analyzed the data. LW, FK, and SL wrote the paper.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Baohui Liu or Sijia Lu.

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ESM 1

Supplementary Fig. 1 Identification of alleles at the E1, E2, E3 and E4 loci of Noir, Archer and M336-1. a Discrimination of E1 and e1-as alleles. b Discrimination of E2 and e2 alleles. c Discrimination of E3 and e3-fs alleles. d-h Discrimination of E4 between e4-oto, e4-tsu, e4-kam, e4-kes and e4-SORE-1. Supplementary Fig. 2 Annotation information of genes in the interval of QTL detected on chromosome 18 through Gene ontology (GO) analysis. Supplementary Fig. 3 Annotation information of genes in the interval of QTL detected on chromosome 4 through Gene ontology (GO) analysis (PPT 433 kb)

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Wang, L., Fang, C., Liu, J. et al. Identification of major QTLs for flowering and maturity in soybean by genotyping-by-sequencing analysis. Mol Breeding 40, 99 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-020-01178-w

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