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Forest mammal roadkills as related to habitat connectivity in protected areas

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Abstract

Fragmentation of wildlife habitat by road development is a major threat to biodiversity. Hence, conservation and enhancement of habitat connectivity in roaded landscapes are crucial for effectively maintaining long-term persistence of ecological processes, such as gene flow and migration. Using multivariate statistical techniques combined with graph theoretical methods, we investigated the influence of road-crossing habitat connectivity and road-related features on roadkill abundance of forest mammals in protected areas of South Korea. Because species have different dispersal abilities and thus connectivity would differ between them, we explored three different groups of road-killed mammals, categorized as small, intermediate, and large ones. We found that in all three mammal groups, roadkills are increased on roads that intersect high-connectivity routes. Furthermore, the effect of habitat connectivity on roadkill abundance was scale-dependent. The roadkill abundances of small, intermediate, and large mammals were related with connectivity measured at scales ranging between 100 and 300 m, between 5 and 7 km, and between 10 and 25 km, respectively. Our finding with regard to scale-dependency highlights the importance of maintaining movement and connectivity across roads at multiple scales based on the dispersal potential of different species when planning conservation strategies for forest mammalian roadkill mitigation.

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Acknowledgments

This study would not have been possible without the support from many Korean researchers and governmental organizations, particularly the Ministry of Environment. We also thank anonymous reviewers and editors for helpful feedback on the manuscript. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (No. NRF-2011-0024289).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Policy Research Group, Korea Environment Institute, Sicheong-daero 370, Sejong, 30147, Republic of Korea

    Wanmo Kang

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, M/C 066, 845 W. Taylor Street, SES 3346, Chicago, IL, USA

    Emily S. Minor

  3. Division of Ecological Conservation, National Institute of Ecology, Geumgang-ro 1210, Seocheon, 33657, Republic of Korea

    Donggul Woo

  4. Department of Environmental Planning, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Dowon Lee

  5. Forest Ecology Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Hoegi-ro 57, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02455, Republic of Korea

    Chan-Ryul Park

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  1. Wanmo Kang
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Correspondence to Chan-Ryul Park.

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Communicated by David Hawksworth.

This article belongs to the Topical Collection: Urban biodiversity.

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Kang, W., Minor, E.S., Woo, D. et al. Forest mammal roadkills as related to habitat connectivity in protected areas. Biodivers Conserv 25, 2673–2686 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-016-1194-7

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