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The mechanism by which MEK/ERK regulates JNK and p38 activity in polyamine depleted IEC-6 cells during apoptosis

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Abstract

Polyamine-depletion inhibited apoptosis by activating ERK1/2, while, preventing JNK1/2 activation. MKP-1 knockdown by SiRNA increased ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38 phosphorylation and apoptosis. Therefore, we predicted that polyamines might regulate MKP1 via MEK/ERK and thereby apoptosis. We examined the role of MEK/ERK in the regulation of MKP1 and JNK, and p38 activities and apoptosis. Inhibition of MKP-1 activity with a pharmacological inhibitor, sanguinarine (SA), increased JNK1/2, p38, and ERK1/2 activities without causing apoptosis. However, pre-activation of these kinases by SA significantly increased camptothecin (CPT)-induced apoptosis suggesting different roles for MAPKs during survival and apoptosis. Inhibition of MEK1 activity prevented the expression of MKP-1 protein and augmented CPT-induced apoptosis, which correlated with increased activities of JNK1/2, caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Polyamine depleted cells had higher levels of MKP-1 protein and decreased JNK1/2 activity and apoptosis. Inhibition of MEK1 prevented MKP-1 expression and increased JNK1/2 and apoptosis. Phospho-JNK1/2, phospho-ERK2, MKP-1, and the catalytic subunit of PP2Ac formed a complex in response to TNF/CPT. Inactivation of PP2Ac had no effect on the association of MKP-1 and JNK1. However, inhibition of MKP-1 activity decreased the formation of the MKP-1, PP2Ac and JNK complex. Following inhibition by SA, MKP-1 localized in the cytoplasm, while basal and CPT-induced MKP-1 remained in the nuclear fraction. These results suggest that nuclear MKP-1 translocates to the cytoplasm, binds phosphorylated JNK and p38 resulting in dephosphorylation and decreased activity. Thus, MEK/ERK activity controls the levels of MKP-1 and, thereby, regulates JNK activity in polyamine-depleted cells.

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Acknowledgments

This publication was made possible by grant DK-16505 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Health. This work was also supported by the Thomas Gerwin endowment.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA

    Mitul N. Bavaria, Ramesh M. Ray & Leonard R. Johnson

  2. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Shi Jin

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  1. Mitul N. Bavaria
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Correspondence to Ramesh M. Ray.

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Bavaria, M.N., Jin, S., Ray, R.M. et al. The mechanism by which MEK/ERK regulates JNK and p38 activity in polyamine depleted IEC-6 cells during apoptosis. Apoptosis 19, 467–479 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-013-0944-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-013-0944-1

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