Abstract
It is known that many people are being excluded unnecessarily from using products, services and environments that are essential for supporting independence and quality of life. Such exclusion often arises from designers taking inadequate account of the end user’s functional capabilities when making design decisions. This paper addresses how traditional usability techniques can be extended to include accessibility issues by considering the spread of user functional capabilities across the population. A series of measures for evaluating the level of design exclusion based on those capabilities is also presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
(1990) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, US Public Law 101–336, USA
Benktzon M (1993) Designing for our future selves: the Swedish experience. Appl Ergonom 24(1):19–27
British Standards Institute (1991) BS4467: guide to designing for elderly people. BSI, London, UK
Bowe FG (2000) Universal design in education. Bergin & Gavey, Westport, CT
Buhler C (1998) Robotics for rehabilitation – a European(?) perspective. Robotica 16(5):487–490
Card SK, Moran TP, Newell A (1983) The psychology of human-computer interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
Cooper A (1999) The inmates are running the asylum. SAMS Publishing, Indianapolis, IN
(1995) The Disability Discrimination Act - Ch. 50, Department for Education and Employment, UK.
Dong H, Keates S, Clarkson PJ (2002) Implementing inclusive design. In: Proceedings of the 7th ERCIM workshop, Paris, pp 173–186
FDA (1997) Design control guidance for medical device manufacturers. Center for devices and radiological health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Gardner L, Powell L, Page M (1993) An appraisal of a selection of products currently available to older consumers. Appl Ergonom 24(1):35–39
Goldsmith S (1997) Designing for the disabled: the new paradigm. Taylor and Francis, London
Grundy E, Ahlburg D, Ali M, Breeze E, Sloggett A (1999) Disability in Great Britain. Department of Social Security, Research report no. 94, Corporate Document Series, London
Hewer S, Kingsland C, D’hondt E, Rietsema J, Westrik H, Brouwer J, Chan S, Coleman R, Gudiksen M, Tahkokallio (1995) The DAN teaching pack: incorporating age-related issues into design courses. RSA, London
ISO (1985) Wheelchairs – nomenclature, terms and definitions – ISO6440, ISO, Geneva
ISO (1998) Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs), Part 11: Guidance on usability – ISO9241, ISO, Geneva
ISO (2000) Quality management and quality system elements – ISO1007, ISO, Geneva
Keates S, Harrison LJ, Clarkson PJ, Robinson P (2000) Towards a practical inclusive design approach. In: Proceedings of CUU 2000, ACM Press, New York, pp 45–52
Keates S, Clarkson PJ (2003) Countering design exclusion: an introduction to inclusive design. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Mahoney R (1997) Robotic products for rehabilitation: Status and strategy. In: Proceedings of international conference on rehabilitation robotics 1997, BIME, Bath, UK, pp 12–22
Martin J, Meltzer H, Elliot D (1988) OPCS surveys of disability in Great Britain. Report 1: The prevalence of disability among adults, HMSO, London, UK
Nielsen J (1993) Usability engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco
Peebles L, Norris B (1998) Adultdata: the handbook of adult anthropometric and strength measurements – data for design safety. Department of Trade and Industry, London
Pirkl JJ (1993) Transgenerational design: products for an aging population. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
(1973) Rehabilitation Act of 1973, US Public Law 93–112
Shigley JE, Mischke CR (2001) Mechanical engineering design. McGraw-Hill, New York
Smith S, Norris B, Peebles L (2000) Older Adultdata: the handbook of measurements and capabilities of the older adult – data for design safety. UK Department of Trade and Industry, London
Stephanidis C (1997) Editorial: disabled and elderly people in the Information Society. ERCIM News, no. 28, Special issue on information technology empowering disabled and elderly people, pp 4–5
W3C (2002) Web Accessibility Initiative. Available at: http://www.w3c.org/WAI/
(1988) Workforce Investment Act of 1998, US Public Law 105–220
Vredenburg K, Isensee S, Righi C (2001) User-centred design: an integrated approach. Prentice-Hall, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Keates, S., Clarkson, P. Countering design exclusion: bridging the gap between usability and accessibility. UAIS 2, 215–225 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-003-0059-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-003-0059-5