Abstract
Compact and economical remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have become widely used worldwide. Nevertheless, it is not easy for inexperienced operators to control an ROV that moves while influenced by some external disturbance such as flowing water or waves. For this study, haptic shared control (HSC) was used to support beginner operators of an ROV in flowing water. We conducted experiments using HSC and manual control for stationary position-keeping and visual identification tasks. Subjective evaluation showed that HSC reduced the operators’ weighted workload compared to manual control and showed that operators devoted attention to a visual task more than to the position-keeping task. Objective data indicate that the root mean square error of the ROV position in the case of HSC was less than that in the case of manual control.
















Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Capocci R, Dooly G, Omerdić E, Coleman J, Newe T, Toal D (2017) Inspection-Class remotely operated vehicles: a review. J Mar Sci Eng 5(1):13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse5010013
Sward D, Monk J, Barrett N (2019) A systematic review of remotely operated vehicle surveys for visually assessing fish assemblages. Front Mar Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00134
Griffiths P, Gillespie RB (2005) Sharing control between humans and automation using haptic interface: primary and secondary task performance benefits. Hum Factors 47:574–590
Abbink D, Mulder M, Boer E (2012) Haptic shared control: smoothly shifting control authority? Cogn Technol Work 14:19–28
Mars F, Deroo M, Hoc J (2014) Analysis of human-machine cooperation when driving with different degrees of haptic shared control. IEEE Trans Haptics 7(3):324–333
Nishimura R, Wada T, Sugiyama S (2015) Haptic shared control in steering operation based on cooperative status between a driver and a driver assistance system. J Hum-Robot Interact 4(3):19–37
Nudehi SS, Mukherjee R, Ghodoussi M (2005) A shared-control approach to haptic interface design for minimally invasive telesurgical training. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 13(4):588–592
Abi-Farraj F, Pacchierotti C, Giordano PR (2018) User evaluation of a haptic-enabled shared-control approach for robotic telemanipulation. In: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Madrid, Spain, Oct 1–5, pp 1–9
Rahal R, Matarese G, Gabiccini M, Artoni A, Giordano PD, Pacchierotti PR (2020) Caring about the human operator: haptic shared control for enhanced user comfort in robotic telemanipulation. IEEE Trans Haptics 13(1):197–203
Lam T, Mulder M, Van Paassen MM (2007) Haptic interface for UAV collision avoidance. Int J Aviat Psychol 17:167–195
Kuiper KJ, Frumau JC, van der Helm FC, Abbink DA (2013) Haptic support for bi-manual control of a suspended grab for deep-sea excavation. In: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pp 1822–1827
Konishi H, Sakagami N, Wada T, Kawamura S (2020) Haptic shared control for path tracking tasks of underwater vehicles. In: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2020, pp 4424–4430
Hart SG, Staveland LE (1988) Development of NASA-TLX (task load index): results of empirical and theoretical research. Adv Psychol 52:139–183
Haga S, Mizukami N (1996) Japanese version of NASA task load index: sensitivity of its workload score to difficulty of three laboratory tasks (in Japanese). J Ningenkogaku 32(2):71–79
Success Stories–VideoRay (2022). Available online: https://videoray.com/success-stories/. Accessed 2 May 2022
Blue Robotics–Underwater ROVs, Thrusters, Sonars, and Cameras (2022). Available online: https://bluerobotics.com/. Accessed 2 May 2022
Sakagami N, Kimura J (2020), An ROV can engage young people in community archaeology. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress for Underwater Archaeology, pp 11–18
Ono R, Katagiri C, Kan H, Nagao M, Nakanishi Y, Yamamoto Y, Takemura F, Sakagami N (2016) Discovery of iron grapnel anchors in early modern ryukyu and management of underwater cultural heritage in Okinawa. Jpn Int J Naut Archaeol 45(1):77–93
Mulder M, Abbink DA, Boer ER (2012) Sharing control with haptics: Seamless driver support from manual to automatic control. Hum Factors 54(5):786–798
Tada S, Sonoda K, Wada T (2016) Simultaneous achievement of workload reduction and skill enhancement in backward parking by haptic guidance. IEEE Trans Intell Veh 1(4):292–301
Wada T (2018) Simultaneous achievement of driver assistance and skill development in shared and cooperative controls. Cogn Technol Work 21:631–642
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21H01294.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
About this article
Cite this article
Sakagami, N., Suka, M., Kimura, Y. et al. Haptic shared control applied for ROV operation support in flowing water. Artif Life Robotics 27, 867–875 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-022-00788-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-022-00788-1