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Effects of an oral bisphosphonate and three intravenous bisphosphonates on several cell types in vitro

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Abstract

Objective

To analyze the influence of an oral bisphosphonate and compare the potency to intravenous bisphosphonates on various cell types as regards the rarity of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BP-ONJ) caused by oral bisphosphonate.

Materials and methods

A viability assay (MTT), a migration assay (Boyden chamber), and an apoptosis assay (Caspase-Glo® 3/7) were performed to analyze the effect of bisphosphonates on human fibroblasts, umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and osteoblasts.

Results

Alendronate and intravenous bisphosphonates suppressed cell viability and migration, and induced apoptosis in all tested cell types. Alendronate had a greater impact than ibandronate on the characteristics in fibroblasts and osteoblasts but not as strong as zoledronate.

Conclusions

The incidence of BP-ONJ in oral bisphosphonate treatment is reported to be much lower than that in intravenous bisphosphonates. However, the influences of alendronate on human cells were at least as strong as ibandronate, although it was lower than zoledronate.

Clinical relevance

Alendronate showed strong enough effects to suppress human somatic cells and was comparable to certain intravenous bisphosphonates in potency. This study suggests that the lower incidence of BP-ONJ in alendronate treatment is not originated by its potency, but might be due to the low bioavailability of alendronate, lower dosing on a daily basis, and having no additional therapies.

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Acknowledgements

The part of this work was presented in thesis form for the doctoral dissertation for Junho Jung from Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz.

Funding

This study was funded by the International Team for Implantology (ITI) scholarship program (to the first author).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    Junho Jung, Leonardo Righesso, Andreas Max Pabst, Bilal Al-Nawas & Christian Walter

  2. Department of Periodontology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jung Soo Park

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Junho Jung & Yong-Dae Kwon

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, Koblenz, Germany

    Andreas Max Pabst

  5. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Facial Plastic Surgery, Mediplus Clinic, Mainz, Germany

    Christian Walter

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  1. Junho Jung
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Jung, J., Park, J.S., Righesso, L. et al. Effects of an oral bisphosphonate and three intravenous bisphosphonates on several cell types in vitro. Clin Oral Invest 22, 2527–2534 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2349-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2349-6

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