Abstract
Purpose
The increased consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) may contribute to the worldwide epidemic of fatty liver. In this study, we have investigated whether HFCS intake (20 % beverages) influences lipid synthesis and accumulation in conjunction with insulin receptor substrate-1/2 (IRS-1; IRS-2), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and inducible NOS (iNOS) expressions in liver of rats. Resveratrol was tested for its potential efficacy on changes induced by HFCS.
Methods
Animals were randomly divided into four groups as control, resveratrol, HFCS and resveratrol plus HFCS (resveratrol + HFCS). HFCS was given as 20 % solutions in drinking water. Feeding of all rats was maintained by a standard diet that enriched with or without resveratrol for 12 weeks.
Results
Dietary HFCS increased triglyceride content and caused mild microvesicular steatosis in association with up-regulation of fatty acid synthase and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c in liver of rats. Moreover, HFCS feeding impaired hepatic expression levels of IRS-1, eNOS and SIRT1 mRNA/proteins, but did not change iNOS level. Resveratrol promoted IRS, eNOS and SIRT1, whereas suppressed SREBP-1c expression in rats fed with HFCS.
Conclusions
Resveratrol supplementation considerably restored hepatic changes induced by HFCS. The improvement of hepatic insulin signaling and activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol may be associated with decreased triglyceride content and expression levels of the lipogenic genes of the liver.
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Abbreviations
- HFCS:
-
High-fructose corn syrup
- NAFLD:
-
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Res:
-
Resveratrol
- IRS-1; IRS-2:
-
Insulin receptor substrate-1/2
- eNOS:
-
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- SIRT1:
-
Sirtuin 1
- iNOS:
-
Inducible nitric oxide synthase
- FASN:
-
Fatty acid synthase
- SREBP:
-
Sterol regulatory element binding protein
- GAPDH:
-
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- PI3K:
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- AST:
-
Aspartate aminotransferase
- ALT:
-
Alanine aminotransferase
- H&E:
-
Hematoxylin and eosin
- ORO:
-
Oil Red O
- TBST:
-
Tris buffer with NaCl–Tween
- HRP:
-
Horseradish peroxidase
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by grants from Gazi University Research Fund (BAP 02/2011-39 and 02/2012-48).
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There is no conflict of interest to disclose for any of the authors.
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Sadi, G., Ergin, V., Yilmaz, G. et al. High-fructose corn syrup-induced hepatic dysfunction in rats: improving effect of resveratrol. Eur J Nutr 54, 895–904 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0765-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0765-1