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Pathological and protective immunity to Pneumocystis infection

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Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii is a common opportunistic infection in the HIV-positive population and is re-emerging as a growing clinical concern in the HIV-negative immunosuppressed population. Newer targeted immunosuppressive therapies and the discovery of rare genetic mutations have furthered our understanding of the immunity required to clear Pneumocystis infection. The immune system can also mount a pathologic response against Pneumocystis following removal of immunosuppression and result in severe damage to the host lung. The current review will examine the most recent epidemiologic studies about the incidence of Pneumocystis in the HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations in the developing and developed world and will detail methods of diagnosis for Pneumocystis pneumonia. Finally, this review aims to summarize the known mediators of immunity to Pneumocystis and detail the pathologic immune response leading to Pneumocystis-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Rangos Research Building, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA

    Taylor Eddens & Jay K. Kolls

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Taylor Eddens & Jay K. Kolls

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  1. Taylor Eddens
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Correspondence to Jay K. Kolls.

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This article is a contribution to the special issue on Immunopathology of Fungal Diseases - Guest Editor: Jean-Paul Latge

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Eddens, T., Kolls, J.K. Pathological and protective immunity to Pneumocystis infection. Semin Immunopathol 37, 153–162 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-014-0459-z

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