Abstract
We describe the preliminary results from an experiment investigating the perceived intensity of modulated friction created by electrostatic force, or electrovibration. A prototype experimental system was created to evaluate user perception of sinusoidal electrovibration stimuli on a flat surface emulating a touch screen interface. We introduce a fixed 6-point Effect Strength Subjective Index (ESSI) as a measure of generic sensation intensity, and compare it with an open magnitude scale. The results of the experiment indicate that there are significant correlations between intensity perception and signal amplitude, and the highest sensitivity was found at a frequency of 80 Hz. The subjective results show that the users perceived the electrovibration stimuli as pleasant and a useful means of feedback for touchscreens.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yamamoto, A., Nagasawa, S., Yamamoto, H., Higuchi, T.: Electrostatic tactile display with thin film slider and its application to tactile telepresentation systems. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 12(2), 168–177 (2006)
Levesque, V., Oram, L., MacLean, K., Cockburn, A., Marchuk, N., Johnson, D., Colgate, J.E., Peshkin, M.: Frictional widgets: enhancing touch interfaces with programmable friction. In: Proceedings of the 2011 Annual Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Vancouver, BC, Canada (2011)
Brewster, S., Chohan, F., Brown, L.: Tactile feedback for mobile interactions. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, California, USA (2007)
Amberg, M., Giraud, F., Semail, B., Olivo, P., Casiez, G., Roussel, N.: STIMTAC: a tactile input device with programmable friction. In: Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium Adjunct on User Interface Software and Technology, Santa Barbara, California, USA (2011)
Bau, O., Poupyrev, I., Israr, A., Harrison, C.: TeslaTouch: electrovibration for touch surfaces. In: Proceedings of the 23nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, New York, New York, USA (2010)
Higashiyama, A., Rollman, G.: Perceived locus and intensity of electrocutaneous stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 38(7), 679–686 (1991)
Brown, L.M., Brewster, S.A.: Multidimensional Tactons for Non-Visual Information Display in Mobile Devices. In: MobileHCI 2006 (2006)
Maclean, K., Enriquez, M.: Perceptual design of haptic icons. In: Proceedings of Eurohaptics (2003)
Mallinckrodt, E., Hughes, A.L., William Sleator, J.: Perception by the Skin of Electrically Induced Vibrations. Science 118(3062), 277–278 (1953)
Tang, H., Beebe, D.: A microfabricated electrostatic haptic display for persons with visual impairments. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering 6(3), 241–248 (1998)
Fukushima, S., Kajimoto, H.: Palm touch panel: providing touch sensation through the device. In: Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces, Kobe, Japan (2011)
Hiroyuki, K., Yonezo, K., Susumu, T.: Forehead electrotactile display. In: Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan Annual Conference, vol. 11 (2006)
Agarwal, A., Nammi, K., Kaczmarek, K., Tyler, M., Beebe, D.: A hybrid natural/artificial electrostatic actuator for tactile stimulation. In: 2nd Annual International IEEE-EMB Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine & Biology (2002)
Strong, R., Troxel, D.: An Electrotactile Display. IEEE Transactions on Man-Machine Systems 11(1), 72–79 (1970)
Linjama, J., Mäkinen, V.: E-Sense screen: Novel haptic display with Capacitive Electrosensory Interface. In: HAID 2009, 4th Workshop for Haptic and Audio Interaction Design, Dresden, Germany (2009)
Winfield, L., Glassmire, J., Colgate, J.E., Peshkin, M.: T-PaD: Tactile Pattern Display through Variable Friction Reduction. In: Second Joint EuroHaptics Conference, 2007 and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, World Haptics 2007, Tsukaba (2007)
Marchuk, N., Colgate, J., Peshkin, M.: Friction measurements on a Large Area TPaD. In: IEEE Haptics Symposium, Waltham, MA, USA (2010)
Verrillo, R.T.: Psychophysics of vibrotactile stimulation. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 77(1), 225–232 (1985)
Gescheider, G.A.: Psychophysical Scaling. Annual Review of Psychology 39, 169–200 (1988)
Linjama, J., Puhakka, M., Kaaresoja, T.: User Studies on Tactile Perception of Vibrating Alert. In: HCI International, Crete, Greece (2003)
Keelan, B.W.: Handbook of Image Quality, Characterization and Prediction. CRC Press (2002)
Oldfield, R.C.: The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9(1), 97–113 (1971)
Serrien, D.J., Spapé, M.M.: The role of hand dominance and sensorimotor congruence in voluntary movement. Exp. Brain Res. 199, 195–200 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wijekoon, D., Cecchinato, M.E., Hoggan, E., Linjama, J. (2012). Electrostatic Modulated Friction as Tactile Feedback: Intensity Perception. In: Isokoski, P., Springare, J. (eds) Haptics: Perception, Devices, Mobility, and Communication. EuroHaptics 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7282. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31401-8_54
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31401-8_54
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-31400-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-31401-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)