Jens Biele

<p>The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, Martians Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will investigate the Martian Moons Phobos and Deimos, and return samples from Phobos to Earth. As part of this mission a small (~25 kg) rover, contributed by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR), with additional contributions from INTA (Spain) and JAXA, will be delivered to the surface of Phobos. The rover will demonstrate the technology of locomotion on a regolith-covered, low gravity planetary surface. In addition, the rover will provide scientific data on the regolith properties (mechanical, mineralogical and thermal), provide ground truth for the MMX orbiter instruments, give context information for the returned samples, and contribute to reducing the risk of the landing and sampling operations of the MMX mission.</p> <p>In order to achieve these goals, the rover has a small suite of scientific instruments: a Raman spectrometer (RAX) to measure the mineralogical composition of the surface material, a radiometer (miniRAD) to measure the surface brightness temperature and determine thermal properties of both regolith and rocks (if in the field of view), a stereo pair of navigation cameras looking forwards (NAVCam) that will place constraints on the level of heterogeneity of the regolith both in terms of composition and space weathering alteration, and two cameras looking at the interface between wheel and surface (WheelCam). The WheelCams will observe the properties of the regolith compaction and flow around the wheels, and the resulting trenches in order to characterise the mechanical properties of the regolith itself.</p> <p>The MMX rover will be deployed from the main spacecraft from an altitude of less than 100 m above the surface of Phobos. The uprighting and deployment (legs/wheels and solar panels) sequences will be performed automatically once the rover comes to rest on the surface. The rover will then operate for 100 days covering a total distance of several meters to hundreds of meters.</p> <p>The MMX launch is currently planned for late 2024 with the Mars orbit insertion occurring in 2025, and the rover delivery and operations in 2026 or 2027.</p> <p>This presentation will provide an overview of the MMX rover and the expected science return from each of the four instruments.</p>

Based on a combination of sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy in cold supersonic molecular beams with resonant two-photon ionization (RTPI), optical-optical double resonance (OODR), and mass selective detection electronic transitions of Ag2, triplet spectra of Na2 and the A<--X-system of Na3 have been measured. The rotational analysis of the sub-Doppler spectra yields the rotational constants, the potentials and the geometric structure of

The goal of the Long-Lived Geoscience Observatory on Mars, GEP, is to setup a permanent network of fixed stations on the planet, with the objective of a few years of operation. These stations will monitor with high resolution the seismic activity and the rotation of the planet, the magnetic field and its variations. It will measure the heat flux and

... 1 DLR, Institute for Space Simulation, Cologne, Germany jens.biele@dlr.de, stephan.ulamec@ dlr.de, lutz.richter@dlr.de 2 DLR Institute for Planetary Research, Berlin, Germanyjoerg.knollenberg@dlr.de, ekkehard.kuehrt@dlr.de, dirk ... 3 Review of the DI Strength Estimation ...

Signatures indicative of a subglacial ocean on the Jovian satellite Europa have been discovered by the Galileo spaceprobe. The structure and chemistry of this postulated ocean, have received considerable attention, and its exploration is seen as an important goal for the fields of comparative planetology and astrobiology. Terrestrial subglacial lakes (e.g., Lake Vostok) have been considered as analogues for several

The Rosetta Lander is part of the ESA cornerstone mission SRosettaT to comet & cedil;P/Wirtanen and has been provided by an international consortium. It will be ejected from the main spacecraft at a distance of about 3 AU from the sun, descend to the comets surface and investigate the nucleus with a complement of ten scientific instru- ments. The Flight

... The scientific objectives of the Lander comprise: ■ The determination of the composition of cometary surface matter: bulk elemental ... 1. Rosetta Lander scientific instruments Instrument Principal investigator Responsible (PI-Institute APX-spectrometer R. Rieder Max Planck I. f ...

The Triple F (Fresh From the Fridge) mission, a Comet Nucleus Sample Return, has been proposed to ESA’s Cosmic Vision program. A sample return from a comet enables us to reach the ultimate goal of cometary research. Since comets are the least processed bodies in the solar system, the proposal goes far beyond cometary science topics (like the explanation of cometary activity) and delivers invaluable information about the formation of the solar system and the interstellar molecular cloud from which it formed. The proposed mission would extract three sample cores of the upper 50 cm from three locations on a cometary nucleus and return them cooled to Earth for analysis in the laboratory. The simple mission concept with a touch-and-go sampling by a single spacecraft was proposed as an M-class mission in collaboration with the Russian space agency ROSCOSMOS.

ABSTRACT ASteroid Sounding Experiment by Radiowaves Transmission is a radar to instrument the Mascot lander which is proposed in the frame future Hayabusa 2 Jaxa mission. This low frequency radar is a unique opportunity to sound the internal structure of the target. It is to achieve the tomography both in transmission and in reflexion of the asteroid in order to determine its fracturing, its stratigraphy and its heterogeneity at different scale for better understanding of accretion and evolution phenomena's. This talk reviews all the aspect of the proposed experiment. The problematic of the C-type asteroid is reviewed in order to demonstrate the interest of the low frequency radar sounding. The Consert/Rosetta-like bistatic experiment solution is proposed to fulfil the low mass budget constraints. The concept of this tomography between the lander and the orbiter is detailed including its different operation modes, the measurement, the inversions and the addressed NEA questions. In a second time, we present the design of our instrument. These review starts from the existing Consert instrument on board of the Rosetta and Philae probes. The main instrument trade off are presented from the mission characteristics and the proposed target. The electronics are revisited and the budgets are updated. So, some antenna designs are proposed for both lander and orbiter spacecrafts. To end a preliminary experiment budget is shown.

ABSTRACT The International Rosetta Mission, a cornerstone mission of the European Space Agency (ESA), will both land on, and study the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and its environment, for a period of 17 months starting in August 2014. Measurements will begin at a heliocentric distance of about 3.25 AU, after which a Lander (designated 'Philae') will be deployed. The Lander mission will last approximately 7 days after which the orbiter will escort the comet through perihelion, to a post-perihelion distance of about 2 AU. The prime scientific objectives of the Rosetta mission include complete characterization of the nucleus, its topography and composition, determination of the drivers of jet activity, and the relationship between cometary and interstellar material and its implications with regard to the origin of the Solar System. Understanding the science at the comet will call for the interpretation of the payload's in situ and remote sensing measurements with robust 3D environment models. In this paper, we examine the modeling challenges, and summarize the status of interdisciplinary, cross-cutting, multi-instrument preparations for modeling the environment surrounding the comet.