Monitoring the transition of group ranches to Community Land in Kenya , 2023
The Publication for National Land Commission and NAMATI.
The enactment of the Community Land Act ... more The Publication for National Land Commission and NAMATI. The enactment of the Community Land Act in 2016 marked a significant milestone in the pursuit of tenure security for Kenya’s Indigenous and local communities. It rekindled these communities’ hopes that their constitutional rights to secure land tenure could be realized. This transformative legislation empowers Indigenous and local communities by redefining leadership structures. It ensures accountability between community leaders and community members and facilitates meaningful engagement of all community members in land governance through the establishment of community assemblies and other progressive provisions. In an effort to track progress made on land reform agenda, the National Land Commission, in accordance with its role of monitoring land rights, partnered with Namati Kenya to document and assess the progress made in transitioning group ranches to community land. The outcome of this collaborative research is presented in this report titled ‘Monitoring Transition of Group Ranches to Community Land in Kenya’. The report offers valuable insights into the current state of implementation, highlights common challenges, and imparts crucial lessons for stakeholders involved in ensuring that the spirit of this progressive law is not lost in its implementation.
GIS based approach for exploring geothermal resources along part of the Kenyan Rift - 2018, 2018
Most geothermal prospects have surface manifestations such as hot-springs, mud-pools while others... more Most geothermal prospects have surface manifestations such as hot-springs, mud-pools while others have no obvious features. There are mainly two phases of exploration; reconnaissance and siting of wells when exploiting the geothermal resource. Geothermal exploration efforts are costly and are done using several methods such as geology, geophysics, geochemistry, Remote Sensing and GIS. GIS has the advantage of combining several datasets for analysis therefore achieving better results by narrowing to a target area. Remote sensing data provides a low lost methodology for deriving geothermal indicators. In this study Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine geothermal potential areas using inputs from Land Surface Temperature (LST), geology, slope, drainage, land use/cover. Geothermal potential map was generated by weighting all the variables using multi criteria analysis. The map was classified into three classes; high potential, moderately potential and less potential areas. The methodology used revealed geothermal potential areas which coincide with ground survey data with over 50% success for areas in Menengai, Eburru and Suswa. Other unexplored areas were also revealed and marked for further detailed filed survey. GIS and Remote sensing methods are powerful tools in geothermal exploration as demonstrated in this study.
Environmental and land use effects from mining and quarrying. A case Study of Kwale County., 2021
This research was done by the National Land Commission in consultation with Ministry in charge of... more This research was done by the National Land Commission in consultation with Ministry in charge of Mining, NEMA and County Government of Kwale. The aim of the study was to establish impacts of the mining activities on land use, communities and environment in Kwale County with a view of providing recommendations that would ensure sustainable mining operations within the County and the Country at large but also unlock the mining potential in the Country.
Effects of Land Fragmentation on Land Use and Food Security in Kenya, 2022
Kenya’s annual population growth rate is 2.3% per year (GOK,2020). According to KNBS (2019), Keny... more Kenya’s annual population growth rate is 2.3% per year (GOK,2020). According to KNBS (2019), Kenya currently has an estimated population of 48 million and is projected to surpass 100 million people by the end of 2058 and will reach 125 million by the end of the century. With these projections, the major challenge for global agriculture remains on how to produce food that will meet the demand for the growing population against dwindling agricultural land sizes. In the wake of dwindling land holdings and intensification, especially in developing countries, there is a need to understand and address the debate surrounding the impact of land fragmentation on food security and land use. It is against this background that the National Land Commission with support from FAO commissioned the research to assess the current situation of land fragmentation in 13 counties (Nyamira, Laikipia, Nandi, Trans Nzoia, Taita Taveta, Kiambu, Nakuru, Kajiado, Tana River, Makueni, Isiolo, Kisumu and Vihiga) to inform the sustainable and best ways of addressing land fragmentation. The research areas were selected based on the following criteria: Food basket counties, ASAL areas, Counties with group ranches, Counties with high rate of land subdivision, areas with capital investment projects, proximity to urban centers and Cities, Cultural perspective such as inheritance. The objective of the research was to investigate the current status of land fragmentation, identify the drivers of Land fragmentation in the study areas, analyse the effects of land fragmentation on food security and land use and recommend ways of addressing land fragmentation. This research was conceived by a multi-agency team comprising Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperative Development, National Land Commission (NLC), KALRO, Kenya Space Agency (KSA), Kenya Institute of Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) and Department of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing (DSRS), National Museum of Kenya and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The multi-agency team was coordinated by the Commission and FAO. The report is organized into seven chapters: Introduction; Literature review; Legal, Policy and Institutional Frameworks in Kenya; Methodology; Analysis and Results; Discussion of Research Findings; Conclusion and Recommendations. Chapters One provides a background to the research and includes the existing threats to food security. The Chapter further establishes a relationship between land fragmentation and food security and outlines objectives, justifications and limitation of the research. Chapter Two on the literature review explores in detail the interconnectedness of land fragmentation, land use land cover and food security. The chapter gives a brief overview of the concept of land fragmentation, land use, and food security. It also documents existing literature on drivers and effects of land fragmentation on land use and food security in Kenya and globally. The chapter also features previous attempts, lessons from good practices in addressing land fragmentation in the country for instance Mwea Irrigation Scheme and policies to control land fragmentation in other countries like India, Australia, USA and Philippines. Chapter Three focuses on the Legal, Policy and Institutional Frameworks in Kenya that relate to land fragmentation while giving a brief background on the history of land reforms in Kenya. The frameworks analyzed are include Constitution of Kenya 2010, Sessional paper No. 3 on National Land Policy of 2009, Kenya Vision 2030, Sessional Paper No 1 of 2017 on National Land Use Policy, National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (FNSP), National Spatial Plan 2015-2045, County Government Act, 2012, Urban Areas and Cities Act, 2011, Land Act, 2012, Land Control Act, Cap 302, Crops Act, No 16 of 2013 and Physical and Land Use Planning Act, 2019. Chapter Four discusses the Study Area and the Methodology adopted to analyze the Land Use Land Cover Social-economic modules. For land use, land cover mapping, Landsat satellite images for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019 with a spatial resolution of 30m were used. The analysis of the images was based on classes adopted by the team from the requirements set out in the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines. These are Forest land, Cropland, Open grassland Wooded grassland, Wetland, Vegetated Wetland, and other lands. The socio-economic module sought to obtain relevant information from the respondents mainly comprising of the key informants, households, and focus group discussions. This section, therefore, discusses the sampling procedures, target population, data collection and analysis as well as validation of the findings. XVI Effects of Land Fragmentation on Land Use and Food Security The research established the existence of widespread fragmentation of agricultural land in the majority of the 13 Counties. Rapid Population growth, inheritance of agricultural land, uncontrolled urbanization, absence/weak implementation of land protection policies, processes and procedures, land speculation, and development due to big public projects are the main drivers of land fragmentation identified by the research. These are discussed in detail in Chapter Five. The effects of fragmentation of agricultural land identified include; Low Agricultural Land Productivity, Disputes/Conflicts, Use of ineffective farming technology, Land Use Land Cover Changes, The report recommends among others, the development of guidelines viable minimum agricultural land sizes for all counties, enforcement of the existing processes and procedures in land transactions, extensive sensitization and awareness on the negative effects of land fragmentation, enhancing the capacity of the key institutions involved in the regulation of land use, encouraging joint tenancy, providing incentives to ensure agriculture is attractive and in the long term, establish and gazette agricultural reserves in respective counties
Monitoring the transition of group ranches to Community Land in Kenya , 2023
The Publication for National Land Commission and NAMATI.
The enactment of the Community Land Act ... more The Publication for National Land Commission and NAMATI. The enactment of the Community Land Act in 2016 marked a significant milestone in the pursuit of tenure security for Kenya’s Indigenous and local communities. It rekindled these communities’ hopes that their constitutional rights to secure land tenure could be realized. This transformative legislation empowers Indigenous and local communities by redefining leadership structures. It ensures accountability between community leaders and community members and facilitates meaningful engagement of all community members in land governance through the establishment of community assemblies and other progressive provisions. In an effort to track progress made on land reform agenda, the National Land Commission, in accordance with its role of monitoring land rights, partnered with Namati Kenya to document and assess the progress made in transitioning group ranches to community land. The outcome of this collaborative research is presented in this report titled ‘Monitoring Transition of Group Ranches to Community Land in Kenya’. The report offers valuable insights into the current state of implementation, highlights common challenges, and imparts crucial lessons for stakeholders involved in ensuring that the spirit of this progressive law is not lost in its implementation.
GIS based approach for exploring geothermal resources along part of the Kenyan Rift - 2018, 2018
Most geothermal prospects have surface manifestations such as hot-springs, mud-pools while others... more Most geothermal prospects have surface manifestations such as hot-springs, mud-pools while others have no obvious features. There are mainly two phases of exploration; reconnaissance and siting of wells when exploiting the geothermal resource. Geothermal exploration efforts are costly and are done using several methods such as geology, geophysics, geochemistry, Remote Sensing and GIS. GIS has the advantage of combining several datasets for analysis therefore achieving better results by narrowing to a target area. Remote sensing data provides a low lost methodology for deriving geothermal indicators. In this study Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine geothermal potential areas using inputs from Land Surface Temperature (LST), geology, slope, drainage, land use/cover. Geothermal potential map was generated by weighting all the variables using multi criteria analysis. The map was classified into three classes; high potential, moderately potential and less potential areas. The methodology used revealed geothermal potential areas which coincide with ground survey data with over 50% success for areas in Menengai, Eburru and Suswa. Other unexplored areas were also revealed and marked for further detailed filed survey. GIS and Remote sensing methods are powerful tools in geothermal exploration as demonstrated in this study.
Environmental and land use effects from mining and quarrying. A case Study of Kwale County., 2021
This research was done by the National Land Commission in consultation with Ministry in charge of... more This research was done by the National Land Commission in consultation with Ministry in charge of Mining, NEMA and County Government of Kwale. The aim of the study was to establish impacts of the mining activities on land use, communities and environment in Kwale County with a view of providing recommendations that would ensure sustainable mining operations within the County and the Country at large but also unlock the mining potential in the Country.
Effects of Land Fragmentation on Land Use and Food Security in Kenya, 2022
Kenya’s annual population growth rate is 2.3% per year (GOK,2020). According to KNBS (2019), Keny... more Kenya’s annual population growth rate is 2.3% per year (GOK,2020). According to KNBS (2019), Kenya currently has an estimated population of 48 million and is projected to surpass 100 million people by the end of 2058 and will reach 125 million by the end of the century. With these projections, the major challenge for global agriculture remains on how to produce food that will meet the demand for the growing population against dwindling agricultural land sizes. In the wake of dwindling land holdings and intensification, especially in developing countries, there is a need to understand and address the debate surrounding the impact of land fragmentation on food security and land use. It is against this background that the National Land Commission with support from FAO commissioned the research to assess the current situation of land fragmentation in 13 counties (Nyamira, Laikipia, Nandi, Trans Nzoia, Taita Taveta, Kiambu, Nakuru, Kajiado, Tana River, Makueni, Isiolo, Kisumu and Vihiga) to inform the sustainable and best ways of addressing land fragmentation. The research areas were selected based on the following criteria: Food basket counties, ASAL areas, Counties with group ranches, Counties with high rate of land subdivision, areas with capital investment projects, proximity to urban centers and Cities, Cultural perspective such as inheritance. The objective of the research was to investigate the current status of land fragmentation, identify the drivers of Land fragmentation in the study areas, analyse the effects of land fragmentation on food security and land use and recommend ways of addressing land fragmentation. This research was conceived by a multi-agency team comprising Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperative Development, National Land Commission (NLC), KALRO, Kenya Space Agency (KSA), Kenya Institute of Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) and Department of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing (DSRS), National Museum of Kenya and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The multi-agency team was coordinated by the Commission and FAO. The report is organized into seven chapters: Introduction; Literature review; Legal, Policy and Institutional Frameworks in Kenya; Methodology; Analysis and Results; Discussion of Research Findings; Conclusion and Recommendations. Chapters One provides a background to the research and includes the existing threats to food security. The Chapter further establishes a relationship between land fragmentation and food security and outlines objectives, justifications and limitation of the research. Chapter Two on the literature review explores in detail the interconnectedness of land fragmentation, land use land cover and food security. The chapter gives a brief overview of the concept of land fragmentation, land use, and food security. It also documents existing literature on drivers and effects of land fragmentation on land use and food security in Kenya and globally. The chapter also features previous attempts, lessons from good practices in addressing land fragmentation in the country for instance Mwea Irrigation Scheme and policies to control land fragmentation in other countries like India, Australia, USA and Philippines. Chapter Three focuses on the Legal, Policy and Institutional Frameworks in Kenya that relate to land fragmentation while giving a brief background on the history of land reforms in Kenya. The frameworks analyzed are include Constitution of Kenya 2010, Sessional paper No. 3 on National Land Policy of 2009, Kenya Vision 2030, Sessional Paper No 1 of 2017 on National Land Use Policy, National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (FNSP), National Spatial Plan 2015-2045, County Government Act, 2012, Urban Areas and Cities Act, 2011, Land Act, 2012, Land Control Act, Cap 302, Crops Act, No 16 of 2013 and Physical and Land Use Planning Act, 2019. Chapter Four discusses the Study Area and the Methodology adopted to analyze the Land Use Land Cover Social-economic modules. For land use, land cover mapping, Landsat satellite images for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019 with a spatial resolution of 30m were used. The analysis of the images was based on classes adopted by the team from the requirements set out in the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines. These are Forest land, Cropland, Open grassland Wooded grassland, Wetland, Vegetated Wetland, and other lands. The socio-economic module sought to obtain relevant information from the respondents mainly comprising of the key informants, households, and focus group discussions. This section, therefore, discusses the sampling procedures, target population, data collection and analysis as well as validation of the findings. XVI Effects of Land Fragmentation on Land Use and Food Security The research established the existence of widespread fragmentation of agricultural land in the majority of the 13 Counties. Rapid Population growth, inheritance of agricultural land, uncontrolled urbanization, absence/weak implementation of land protection policies, processes and procedures, land speculation, and development due to big public projects are the main drivers of land fragmentation identified by the research. These are discussed in detail in Chapter Five. The effects of fragmentation of agricultural land identified include; Low Agricultural Land Productivity, Disputes/Conflicts, Use of ineffective farming technology, Land Use Land Cover Changes, The report recommends among others, the development of guidelines viable minimum agricultural land sizes for all counties, enforcement of the existing processes and procedures in land transactions, extensive sensitization and awareness on the negative effects of land fragmentation, enhancing the capacity of the key institutions involved in the regulation of land use, encouraging joint tenancy, providing incentives to ensure agriculture is attractive and in the long term, establish and gazette agricultural reserves in respective counties
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The enactment of the Community Land Act in 2016 marked a significant milestone in the pursuit of tenure security for Kenya’s Indigenous and local communities. It rekindled these communities’ hopes that their constitutional rights to secure land tenure could be realized. This transformative legislation empowers Indigenous and local communities by redefining leadership structures. It ensures accountability between community leaders and community members and facilitates meaningful engagement of all community members in land governance through the establishment of community assemblies and other progressive provisions. In an effort to track progress made on land reform agenda, the National Land Commission, in accordance with its role of monitoring land rights, partnered with Namati Kenya to document and assess the progress made in transitioning group ranches to community land. The outcome of this collaborative research is presented in this report titled ‘Monitoring Transition of Group Ranches to Community Land in Kenya’. The report offers valuable insights into the current state of implementation, highlights common challenges, and imparts crucial lessons for stakeholders involved in ensuring that the spirit of this progressive law is not lost in its implementation.
providing recommendations that would ensure sustainable mining operations within the County and the Country at large but also unlock the mining potential in the Country.
The enactment of the Community Land Act in 2016 marked a significant milestone in the pursuit of tenure security for Kenya’s Indigenous and local communities. It rekindled these communities’ hopes that their constitutional rights to secure land tenure could be realized. This transformative legislation empowers Indigenous and local communities by redefining leadership structures. It ensures accountability between community leaders and community members and facilitates meaningful engagement of all community members in land governance through the establishment of community assemblies and other progressive provisions. In an effort to track progress made on land reform agenda, the National Land Commission, in accordance with its role of monitoring land rights, partnered with Namati Kenya to document and assess the progress made in transitioning group ranches to community land. The outcome of this collaborative research is presented in this report titled ‘Monitoring Transition of Group Ranches to Community Land in Kenya’. The report offers valuable insights into the current state of implementation, highlights common challenges, and imparts crucial lessons for stakeholders involved in ensuring that the spirit of this progressive law is not lost in its implementation.
providing recommendations that would ensure sustainable mining operations within the County and the Country at large but also unlock the mining potential in the Country.